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10-Q

. T

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024


☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ______ to ______

Commission File Number: 333-265588

J.P. Morgan Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)


Maryland	87-3439916
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
277 Park Avenue 9th Floor New York, New York	10172
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (212) 270-6000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

    Title of each class

    Trading
Symbol(s)

    Name of each exchange on which registered

    None

    N/A

    N/A

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
Emerging growth company	☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of November 8, 2024, the registrant had outstanding 972,456 shares of Class D common stock, 9,737,880 shares of Class I common stock, 56,069 shares of Class S common stock, 12,508,918 shares of Class E common stock and 1,590,856 shares of Class Y common stock. There were no outstanding shares of Class T or Class X common stock.

Table of Contents


		Page

PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION	2

Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)
	Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023	2
	Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023	3
	Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023	4
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023	6
	Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements	8
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	34
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	51
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	52

PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION	53

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	53
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	53
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	53
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	54
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	54
Item 5.	Other Information	54
Item 6.	Exhibits	55
	Signatures	56

Item 1. Financial Statements.

J.P. Morgan Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) (in thousands, except per-share data)


	September 30,			December 31,
	2024			2023
ASSETS
Investments in real estate, net	$	343,577		$	275,473
Investments in real estate debt		79,225			16,825
Investments in real estate-related and other securities		478			416
Intangible assets, net		17,884			9,369
Cash and cash equivalents		29,425			32,452
Restricted cash		667			231
Deposits on real estate		—			9,072
Other assets, net		2,416			1,066
Total assets	$	473,672		$	344,904
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Mortgage notes, net	$	123,127		$	113,577
Repurchase facility, net		46,330			—
Intangible liabilities, net		2,866			1,684
Mandatorily redeemable instruments		104,366			101,753
Due to affiliate		19,518			14,719
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities		6,138			3,704
Total liabilities	$	302,345		$	235,437

Commitments and Contingencies (Note 17)

Equity
Common stock – Class D shares, $0.01 par value per share, 600,000 shares authorized, and 925 and 504 issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively	$	9		$	5
Common stock – Class I shares, $0.01 par value per share, 1,500,000 shares authorized, and 8,905 and 5,397 issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		89			54
Common stock – Class S shares, $0.01 par value per share, 1,000,000 shares authorized, and 56 and 54 issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		1			1
Common stock – Class E shares, $0.01 par value per share, 600,000 shares authorized, and 8,335 and 6,407 issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		83			64
Common stock – Class Y shares, $0.01 par value per share, 600,000 shares authorized, and 1,304 and 0 issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		13			—
Additional paid-in capital		195,720			122,915
Accumulated deficit		(29,045	)		(15,679	)
Total stockholders' equity	$	166,870		$	107,360
Non-controlling interests in consolidated joint ventures		4,457			2,107
Total equity	$	171,327		$	109,467
Total liabilities and equity	$	473,672		$	344,904

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

J.P. Morgan Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per-share data)


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Revenues
Rental revenue	$	6,853		$	4,774		$	17,803		$	12,634
Total revenues		6,853			4,774			17,803			12,634
Expenses
Rental property operating		3,319			1,468			7,251			3,826
General and administrative		1,344			989			3,583			3,274
Depreciation and amortization		2,780			1,674			7,078			6,044
Total expenses		7,443			4,131			17,912			13,144
Other income (expense), net
Income from investments in real estate debt		1,524			447			2,415			1,287
Income (loss) from investments in real estate-related and other securities		7			(318	)		18			(366	)
Mandatorily redeemable instruments interest costs		(2,268	)		(1,376	)		(5,836	)		(6,045	)
Interest expense		(2,123	)		(1,708	)		(5,510	)		(5,632	)
Other income (expense), net		768			114			1,118			(11	)
Total other expense, net		(2,092	)		(2,841	)		(7,795	)		(10,767	)
Net loss	$	(2,682	)	$	(2,198	)	$	(7,904	)	$	(11,277	)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests in consolidated joint ventures		(29	)		(10	)		(46	)		(89	)
Net loss attributable to JPMREIT stockholders	$	(2,653	)	$	(2,188	)	$	(7,858	)	$	(11,188	)
Net loss per share of common stock – basic and diluted	$	(0.14	)	$	(0.23	)	$	(0.48	)	$	(1.63	)
Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding – basic and diluted		18,655			9,488			16,448			6,860

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

J.P. Morgan Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per-share data)


	Par Value
	Common Stock Class D		Common Stock Class I			Common Stock Class S		Common Stock Class E		Common Stock Class Y		Additional Paid-In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Total Stockholders' Equity			Non-Controlling Interests			Total Equity
Balance at June 30, 2024	$	8	$	77		$	1	$	79	$	9	$	174,027		$	(24,314	)	$	149,887		$	4,513		$	154,400
Net loss		—		—			—		—		—		—			(2,653	)		(2,653	)		(29	)		(2,682	)
Common stock issued, net of offering costs		1		13			—		4		4		21,874			—			21,896			—			21,896
Distributions declared on common stock		—		—			—		—		—		—			(2,078	)		(2,078	)		—			(2,078	)
Distribution reinvestments		—		—			—		—		—		755			—			755			—			755
Distributions to non-controlling interests		—		—			—		—		—		—			—			—			(27	)		(27	)
Common stock repurchased		—		(1	)		—		—		—		(961	)		—			(962	)		—			(962	)
Stock-based compensation		—		—			—		—		—		25			—			25			—			25
Balance at September 30, 2024	$	9	$	89		$	1	$	83	$	13	$	195,720		$	(29,045	)	$	166,870		$	4,457		$	171,327


	Par Value
	Common Stock Class D		Common Stock Class I			Common Stock Class S		Common Stock Class E		Additional Paid-In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Total Stockholders' Equity			Non-Controlling Interests			Total Equity
Balance at June 30, 2023	$	2	$	30		$	—	$	44	$	73,045		$	(13,973	)	$	59,148		$	2,182		$	61,330
Net loss		—		—			—		—		—			(2,188	)		(2,188	)		(10	)		(2,198	)
Common stock issued, net of offering costs		1		14			1		12		28,600			—			28,628			—			28,628
Distributions declared on common stock		—		—			—		—		—			(1,043	)		(1,043	)		—			(1,043	)
Distribution reinvestments		—		—			—		—		176			—			176			—			176
Distributions to non-controlling interests		—		—			—		—		—			—			—			(39	)		(39	)
Common stock repurchased		—		(1	)		—		—		(98	)		—			(99	)		—			(99	)
Stock-based compensation		—		—			—		—		19			—			19			—			19
Balance at September 30, 2023	$	3	$	43		$	1	$	56	$	101,742		$	(17,204	)	$	84,641		$	2,133		$	86,774

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

J.P. Morgan Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per-share data)


	Par Value
	Common Stock Class D		Common Stock Class I			Common Stock Class S		Common Stock Class E		Common Stock Class Y		Additional Paid-In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Total Stockholders' Equity			Non-Controlling Interests			Total Equity
Balance at December 31, 2023	$	5	$	54		$	1	$	64	$	—	$	122,915		$	(15,679	)	$	107,360		$	2,107		$	109,467
Net loss		—		—			—		—		—		—			(7,858	)		(7,858	)		(46	)		(7,904	)
Common stock issued, net of offering costs		4		35			—		19		13		72,172			—			72,243			—			72,243
Distributions declared on common stock		—		—			—		—		—		—			(5,508	)		(5,508	)		—			(5,508	)
Distribution reinvestments		—		1			—		—		—		1,749			—			1,750			—			1,750
Contributions from non-controlling interests		—		—			—		—		—		—			—			—			2,432			2,432
Distributions to non-controlling interests		—		—			—		—		—		—			—			—			(36	)		(36	)
Common stock repurchased		—		(1	)		—		—		—		(1,191	)		—			(1,192	)		—			(1,192	)
Stock-based compensation		—		—			—		—		—		75			—			75			—			75
Balance at September 30, 2024	$	9	$	89		$	1	$	83	$	13	$	195,720		$	(29,045	)	$	166,870		$	4,457		$	171,327


	Par Value
	Common Stock Class D		Common Stock Class I			Common Stock Class S		Common Stock Class E		Additional Paid-In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Total Stockholders' Equity			Non-Controlling Interests			Total Equity
Balance at December 31, 2022	$	—	$	1		$	—	$	24	$	19,426		$	(3,813	)	$	15,638		$	2,308		$	17,946
Net loss		—		—			—		—		—			(11,188	)		(11,188	)		(89	)		(11,277	)
Common stock issued, net of offering costs		3		43			1		32		82,005			—			82,084			—			82,084
Distributions declared on common stock		—		—			—		—		—			(2,203	)		(2,203	)		—			(2,203	)
Distribution reinvestments		—		—			—		—		340			—			340			—			340
Contributions from non-controlling interests		—		—			—		—		—			—			—			32			32
Distributions to non-controlling interests		—		—			—		—		—			—			—			(118	)		(118	)
Common stock repurchased		—		(1	)		—		—		(98	)		—			(99	)		—			(99	)
Stock-based compensation		—		—			—		—		69			—			69			—			69
Balance at September 30, 2023	$	3	$	43		$	1	$	56	$	101,742		$	(17,204	)	$	84,641		$	2,133		$	86,774

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

J.P. Morgan Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) (in thousands)


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024			2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(7,904	)	$	(11,277	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		7,078			6,044
Amortization of above-market leases		238			59
Amortization of below-market leases		(147	)		(89	)
Amortization of deferred financing costs		274			570
Stock-based compensation		75			69
Realized gain/(loss) on sale of real estate-related and other securities and derivative instruments		(391	)		654
Unrealized loss on real estate-related and other securities and derivative instruments		909			129
Redemption value adjustment on mandatorily redeemable instruments		2,613			4,138
Change in assets and liabilities:
Increase in other assets		(1,511	)		(280	)
Increase in due to affiliates		2,669			3,212
Increase/(decrease) in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities		446			(2,307	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		4,349			922

Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisitions of real estate		(69,652	)		(67,312	)
Capital improvements on real estate		(1,021	)		(891	)
Origination of real estate debt		(62,400	)		—
Deposits on real estate acquisitions		—			(3,054	)
Return of deposits on real estate acquisition		—			1,800
Variation margin proceeds (payments)		23			(249	)
Proceeds from real estate-related and other securities		840			4,438
Purchases of real estate-related and other securities		(885	)		(5,332	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(133,095	)		(70,600	)

Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of offering costs paid		73,952			82,869
Repurchase of common stock		(503	)		(99	)
Proceeds from issuance of mandatorily redeemable instruments		—			47,157
Contributions from non-controlling interests		10			—
Distributions paid on common stock		(3,504	)		(1,551	)
Distributions to non-controlling interests		(36	)		(86	)
Repayments of credit facility		—			(40,200	)
Payment of deferred financing costs on secured credit facility		—			(29	)
Proceeds from mortgage notes		10,000			—
Proceeds from repurchase facility		46,800			—
Principal repayments of mortgage notes		(379	)		(366	)
Payment of deferred financing costs on mortgage notes and repurchase facility		(185	)		(7	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		126,155			87,688

Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash:		(2,591	)		18,010
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, at the beginning of the period		32,683			5,788
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, at the end of the period	$	30,092		$	23,798

J.P. Morgan Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) (in thousands)


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash to the Consolidated Balance Sheets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	29,425	$	23,601
Restricted cash		667		197
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	30,092	$	23,798

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	$	4,854	$	5,274

Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Assumption of working capital in conjunction with acquisition of real estate	$	108	$	1,568
Accrued loan and offering costs due to affiliate	$	1,391	$	792
Accrued distributions	$	253	$	312
Distribution re-investments	$	1,751	$	340
Reclassification of deposits on real estate to investments in real estate, net	$	9,072	$	6,748
Accrued stockholder servicing fee due to affiliate	$	933	$	37
Non-controlling interest deemed contributions to investment in real estate, net	$	2,422	$	—
Accrued redemptions	$	689	$	—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

J.P. Morgan Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

September 30, 2024

1. Organization and Business Purpose

J.P. Morgan Real Estate Income Trust, Inc. (the “Company” or “JPMREIT”) was formed on November 5, 2021 as a Maryland corporation and intends to qualify as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Company invests primarily in stabilized, income-generating real estate properties, and to a lesser extent, real estate debt, real estate-related securities and other securities. The Company is the sole general partner of J.P. Morgan REIT Operating Partnership, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“Operating Partnership”). J.P. Morgan REIT OP Special Limited Partner, L.P. (the “Special Limited Partner”), an affiliate of J.P. Morgan Investment Management Inc. (the “Adviser” or “JPMIM” and together with its affiliates “J.P. Morgan”), owns a special limited partner interest in the Operating Partnership. Substantially all of the Company’s business is conducted through the Operating Partnership. The Company and the Operating Partnership are externally managed by JPMIM.

As of September 30, 2024, the Company owned seven real estate properties consisting of three multifamily properties, two industrial properties, one single-family rental property and one retail property. The Company also has two real estate debt investments and an investment in U.S. Treasury bills. The Company currently operates in five reportable segments: multifamily, industrial, single-family rental, retail and investments in real estate debt, real estate-related and other securities. See Note 15 for a description of the Company's segment reporting.

The Company depends on the Adviser and its affiliates for certain services that are essential to it, including the distribution of the Company’s shares of common stock, acquisition and disposition decisions, and certain other responsibilities. If the Adviser and its affiliates were unable or unwilling to provide such services, the Company would be required to find alternative service providers.

2. Capitalization

The Company filed a Registration Statement on Form S-11 (the “Registration Statement”) to register with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") an offering of up to $5.0 billion in shares of common stock, consisting of up to $4.0 billion in shares in its primary offering and up to $1.0 billion in shares pursuant to its distribution reinvestment plan (the “Offering, and together with the Company’s private offerings described below, the “Offerings”). The Registration Statement was declared effective by the SEC on July 22, 2022. The Company is selling any combination of four classes of shares of its common stock, Class D shares, Class I shares, Class S shares and Class T shares, with a dollar value up to the maximum offering amount. The share classes have different upfront selling commissions and ongoing stockholder servicing fees. Until the Company issues any Class T shares, the initial per-share purchase price for the Company’s Class T shares is equal to the most recently determined net asset value (“NAV”) per share for the Class E common stock (“Class E shares”) sold in the Company’s private offering, plus, applicable upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees. The purchase price per share for each class of the Company’s common stock will vary and will generally equal the prior month’s NAV per share for such class, as determined monthly, plus any applicable upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees.

On November 15, 2021, the Company was capitalized with a $0.2 million investment by the Adviser in exchange for 20,000 shares of the Company’s Class E common stock. The Adviser has agreed to not sell, transfer or dispose of the shares to any party other than an affiliate of the Adviser for so long as the Adviser or its affiliate performs an advisory function for the Company.

Pursuant to a separate private offering whose commitments have been fully called, as of September 30, 2024, the Company had sold $67.9 million in Class E shares and $94.2 million in Class E units of the Operating Partnership (“Class E units”), including 0.5 million Class E shares and 9.0 million Class E units purchased by JPMIM (collectively, the “Initial Capitalization”). In addition, as of September 30, 2024, the Company sold $3.3 million in Class E shares to employees of the Adviser.

JPMIM has agreed to hold all of the Class E shares and Class E units it purchased as part of the Initial Capitalization (the “JPM Initial Capitalization”) until the earlier of (i) the first date that the Company’s NAV reaches $1.5 billion and (ii) July 22, 2025, the third anniversary of the commencement of the Offering. Following such date, each month the Company will repurchase, without further action by JPMIM (each, a “JPM Mandatory Repurchase”) (see Note 13), a number of Class E shares or Class E units from JPMIM in an amount equal to the amount available under the share repurchase plan’s 2% monthly and 5% quarterly caps after satisfying repurchase requests from investors who purchase shares pursuant to the Offering and other holders of shares that are otherwise subject to repurchase under the share repurchase plan, until such time as the JPM Initial Capitalization has been fully repurchased; provided, that the number of shares subject to each JPM Mandatory Repurchase may be reduced where other holders of Class E shares that were issued pursuant to the Initial Capitalization and are not subject to repurchase under the share repurchase plan request repurchase of their shares, in which case the Class E shares held by JPMIM and such other investors will be repurchased on a pro rata basis based on their respective percentage ownership in the Company immediately prior to such repurchase (not to exceed an aggregate number of shares equal to the amount available under the share repurchase plan’s 2% monthly and 5% quarterly caps). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company will not effect any JPM Mandatory Repurchase during any month in which the full amount of all shares requested to be repurchased by stockholders other than JPMIM under the share repurchase plan is not repurchased or when the share repurchase plan has been suspended.

In addition, subject to certain exceptions, where the shares of the Company’s common stock and Operating Partnership units owned by the Adviser, together with any such shares and units owned by the Adviser and its affiliates, including any shares or units issued in lieu of cash management fees payable to the Adviser or the performance participation payable to the Special Limited Partner (such aggregate ownership, the “JPM Interest”), represent a 24.99% or lesser interest in the Company, the Company will, or will cause the Operating Partnership to, automatically and without further action by the Adviser, repurchase or redeem, as applicable, an amount of shares or units from the Adviser as may be necessary to cause the JPM Interest to remain equal to or less than 24.99%. To the extent the Adviser elects to receive its management fee in shares of the Company’s common stock or Operating Partnership units, the Company may repurchase those shares or units without regard to the limitations described above or the early repurchase deduction.

On May 26, 2022, JPMIM’s Subscription Agreement dated February 23, 2022 for Class E shares or Class E units was amended to provide that, if the Company receives capital commitments from investors in the private placement of Class E shares exceeding $100 million (“Other Seed Investor Commitments”), JPMIM’s commitment may, in JPMIM’s discretion, be reduced by an amount equal to (i) the aggregate amount of Other Seed Investor Commitments, minus (ii) $100 million, provided that such reduction amount will not exceed $75 million. The amendment to the Subscription Agreement also provided that the expiration of the JPMIM commitment was August 23, 2023, which was the 18-month anniversary of the date of the Subscription Agreement; provided, that following such date JPMIM may, in its discretion, elect to purchase additional Class E shares or Class E units until the earlier to occur of (i) July 22, 2025, the three-year anniversary of the date that the Registration Statement was declared effective by the SEC and (ii) the date that the Company’s NAV is at least $1.5 billion.

On November 13, 2023, the Company filed Articles of Amendment (the "Articles of Amendment") to its Articles of Amendment and Restatement, dated June 2, 2022 (as supplemented, amended or amended and restated to date, the "Charter"), to increase the number of shares of capital stock the Company has authority to issue to 5.5 billion and the number of shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, that the Company has authority to issue to 5.4 billion. Immediately following the filing of the Articles of Amendment, the Company filed the Articles Supplementary to the Charter, pursuant to which the Company classified and designated 0.5 billion authorized but unissued shares of Class X common stock, par value $0.01 per share, and 0.6 billion authorized but unissued shares of Class Y common stock, par value $0.01 per share.

On April 16, 2024, the Company filed Articles Supplementary to the Charter pursuant to which the Company reclassified and designated 0.5 billion authorized but unissued Class X shares as shares of a new Class X common stock, $0.01 par value per share, and fixed the preferences, rights, powers, restrictions, limitations, qualifications, terms and conditions of the newly designated Class X shares.

3. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, and in the opinion of management, include all necessary adjustments, consisting of only normal and recurring items, necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial position and results of operations for the interim period. These financial statements have been prepared by the Company in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC. The accompanying unaudited consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 filed with the SEC on March 18, 2024.

Certain amounts on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. Such reclassification has no effect on previously reported totals or subtotals on the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity.

All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the balance sheet. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

There is no other comprehensive income (loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, resulting in comprehensive loss equaling net loss. Accordingly, the statement of other comprehensive income (loss) is not presented.

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and the Company’s subsidiaries in which the Company has a controlling interest. For consolidated joint ventures, the non-controlling partner’s share of the assets, liabilities and operations of the joint ventures is included in non-controlling interests on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements of Operations. The non-controlling partner’s interest is generally computed as the joint venture partner’s ownership percentage.

In determining whether the Company has a controlling financial interest in a partially owned entity and the requirement to consolidate the accounts of that entity, the Company considers whether the entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”) and whether it is the primary beneficiary. The Company is the primary beneficiary of a VIE when it has (i) the power to direct the most significant activities impacting the economic performance of the VIE and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses or receive benefits significant to the VIE. Entities that do not qualify as VIEs are generally considered voting interest entities (“VOEs”) and are evaluated for consolidation under the voting interest model. VOEs are consolidated when the Company controls the entity through a majority voting interest or other means. When the requirements for consolidation are not met and the Company has significant influence over the operations of the entity, the investment is accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Equity method investments for which the Company has not elected a fair value option (“FVO”) are initially recorded at cost and subsequently adjusted for the Company’s pro rata share of net income, contributions and distributions. When the Company elects the FVO, the Company records its share of net asset value of the entity and any related unrealized gains and losses.

The Operating Partnership is considered to be a VIE. The Company consolidates the Operating Partnership because it has the ability to direct the most significant activities of the entities such as purchases, dispositions, financings, budgets, and overall operating plans.

Each of the Company’s joint ventures is considered to be a VIE. The Company consolidated these entities because it has the ability to direct the most significant activities of the joint venture. The total assets and liabilities of the Company’s consolidated VIEs were $178.6 million and $87.0 million and $129.2 million and $86.9 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Such amounts are included on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents represent cash held in banks, cash on hand, cash held in money market funds and liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. The Company may have bank balances in excess of federally insured amounts; however, the Company deposits its cash and cash equivalents with high credit-quality institutions to minimize credit risk exposure. The Company held $29.4 million in cash and cash equivalents as of September 30, 2024 and $32.5 million in cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2023 (see Note 9).

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash primarily consists of amounts in escrow related to real estate taxes, insurance and utilities in connection with mortgages at certain of the Company’s properties.

Investments in Real Estate

The Company determines whether the acquisition of a property qualifies as a business combination, which requires that the assets acquired and liabilities assumed constitute a business. If the property acquired is not a business, the Company accounts for the transaction as an asset acquisition. All property acquisitions to date have been accounted for as asset acquisitions.

Whether the acquisition of a property is considered a business combination or asset acquisition, the Company recognizes the identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in the acquired entity. In addition, for transactions that are business combinations, the Company evaluates the existence of goodwill or a gain from a bargain purchase. The Company expenses acquisition-related costs associated with business combinations as they are incurred and capitalizes acquisition-related costs associated with asset acquisitions.

Upon the acquisition of a property deemed to be an asset acquisition, the Company assesses the fair value of acquired tangible and intangible assets (including land, buildings, tenant improvements, above-market and below-market leases, acquired in-place leases, other identified intangible assets and assumed liabilities) and allocates the purchase price to the acquired assets and assumed liabilities. The Company assesses and considers fair value based on estimated cash flow projections that utilize discount and/or capitalization rates that it deems appropriate, as well as other available market information. Estimates of future cash flows are based on a number of factors including the historical operating results, known and anticipated trends and market and economic conditions.

The fair value of the tangible assets of an acquired property considers the value of the property as if it were vacant. The Company also considers an allocation of purchase price of other acquired intangibles, including acquired in-place leases that may have a customer relationship intangible value, including the nature and extent of the existing relationship with the tenants, the tenants’ credit quality and expectations of lease renewals.

The cost of buildings and improvements includes the purchase price of the Company’s properties and any acquisition-related costs, along with any subsequent capitalized improvements to such properties.

The Company’s investments in real estate are stated at cost and are generally depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:


Description		Depreciable Life
Buildings		31-40 years
Site improvements - buildings and land		4-20 years
Furniture, fixtures and equipment		6-15 years
Lease intangibles		Over lease term

Repairs and maintenance are expensed to operations as incurred and are included in property operating expenses on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Significant improvements to properties are capitalized. When assets are sold or retired, their costs and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts with the resulting gains or losses reflected in net income or loss for the period.

The Company records acquired above-market and below-market leases at their fair values (using a discount rate which reflects the risks associated with the leases acquired). In the case of an above-market lease, the excess payment (the difference between (1) the contractual amounts to be received pursuant to the lease and (2) management’s estimate of fair-market lease rates for the lease, measured over a period equal to the remaining term of the lease) is recorded as an asset on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. In the case of a below-market lease, the difference between (1) the contractual amounts to be received pursuant to the lease and (2) management’s estimate of fair-market lease rates for the lease, measured over a period equal to the initial term plus the term of any below-market fixed-rate renewal options is recorded as a liability on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Other intangible assets acquired include amounts for in-place lease values that are based on the Company’s evaluation of the specific characteristics of each tenant’s lease. Factors to be considered include estimates of carrying costs during hypothetical expected lease-up periods considering current market conditions, and costs to execute similar leases. In estimating carrying costs, the Company includes real estate taxes, insurance and other operating expenses and estimates of lost rentals at market rates during the expected lease-up periods, depending on local market conditions.

In estimating costs to execute similar leases, the Company considers leasing commissions, legal and other related expenses. The amortization of acquired above-market and below-market leases is recorded as an adjustment to rental revenue on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. The amortization of in-place leases is recorded as an adjustment to depreciation and amortization expense on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company’s management reviews the Company’s real estate properties for impairment when there is an event or change in circumstances that indicates an impaired value. Since cash flows on real estate properties considered to be "long-lived assets to be held and used" are considered on an undiscounted basis to determine whether an asset has been impaired, the Company’s strategy of holding properties over the long term decreases the likelihood of recording an impairment loss. If the Company’s strategy changes or market conditions otherwise dictate an earlier sale date, an impairment loss may be recognized and such loss could be material to the Company’s results. If the Company determines that an impairment has occurred, the affected assets must be reduced to their estimated fair value. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, no such impairments occurred.

Investments in Real Estate Debt

The Company’s investments in real estate debt consisted of a Commercial Mortgage Loan and a Mezzanine Loan (both defined below) secured by real estate. The Company elected the FVO for its real estate debt investments. As such, the resulting unrealized gains and losses of such loans are recorded as a component of income from investments in real estate debt on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. No unrealized gain or loss was recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Interest income from the Company’s investments in real estate debt is recognized over the life of each investment using the effective interest method and is recorded on the accrual basis. Recognition of premiums and discounts associated with these investments is deferred and recorded over the term of the investment as an adjustment to yield. Upfront costs and fees related to items for which the FVO is elected are recognized in earnings as incurred and are not deferred. Interest income, upfront costs and fees are recorded as a component of income from investments in real estate debt on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Investments in Real Estate-Related and Other Securities

The Company has elected to classify its real estate-related and other securities as trading securities, which are recorded at fair value. As such, the Company records changes in fair value and interest income as a component of income (loss) from investments in real estate-related and other securities on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments

The Company reports its mandatorily redeemable Class E shares and Class E units (collectively the "Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments") as a liability on its Consolidated Balance Sheets at JPMIM’s cash redemption value. JPMIM’s cash redemption value is determined based on the Company's NAV per Class E share or Class E unit as of the Company's balance sheet date. For purposes of determining the Company's NAV, the Company's investments in real estate are recorded at fair value based on third-party valuations prepared by licensed appraisers in accordance with standard industry practice. These fair value estimates of the Company's investments in real estate are particularly important as they are used for the calculation of NAV, which determines the adjustment to the carrying value of the Company's Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments. Significant differences in the fair value of the Company's Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments may result from changes in market conditions that cause the Company's NAV, and thus JPMIM’s redemption value, to increase or decrease during the period and are recorded as a component of mandatorily redeemable instruments interest cost on the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations. Distributions declared on the Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments are recorded as a component of mandatorily redeemable instruments interest cost on the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations. Declared but unpaid distributions as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, were recorded as a liability within accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Fair Value Measurements

Under normal market conditions, the fair value of an investment is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (i.e., the exit price). Additionally, there is a hierarchical framework that prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring investments at fair value. Market price observability is impacted by a number of factors, including the type of investment and the characteristics specific to the investment and the state of the marketplace, including the existence and transparency of transactions between market participants. Investments with readily available active quoted prices or for which fair value can be measured from actively quoted prices generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value. Investments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following levels within the fair value hierarchy:

Level 1 — quoted prices are available in active markets for identical investments as of the measurement date. The Company does not adjust the quoted price for these investments.

Level 2 — quoted prices are available in markets that are not active, or model inputs are based on inputs that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement date.

Level 3 — pricing inputs are unobservable and include instances where there is minimal, if any, market activity for the investment.

These inputs require significant judgment or estimation by management or third parties when determining fair value and generally represent anything that does not meet the criteria of Levels 1 and 2. Due to the inherent uncertainty of these estimates, these values may differ materially from the values that would have been used had a ready market for these investments existed.

Valuation of assets and liabilities measured at fair value

The Company’s investments in real estate debt, real estate-related and other securities and derivatives are recorded at fair value. The Company generally determines the fair value of its investments by utilizing third-party pricing service providers. In determining the value of a particular real estate-related security, the pricing service providers may use broker-dealer quotations, reported trades or valuation estimates from their internal pricing models to determine the reported price. The pricing service providers’ internal models for real estate-related securities usually consider the attributes applicable to a particular class of security (e.g., credit rating, seniority), current market data, and estimated cash flows for each class and incorporate deal collateral performance such as prepayment speeds and default rates, as available.

Certain of the Company’s investments in real estate debt that consist of loans secured by real estate, such as the Commercial Mortgage Loan and the Mezzanine Loan, are unlikely to have readily available market quotations. In such cases, the Company will generally determine the initial value based on the origination amount or acquisition price of the investment if acquired by the Company or the par value of the investment if originated by the Company. Following the initial measurement, the Company will determine fair value by utilizing or reviewing certain of the following inputs: (i) market yield data, (ii) discounted cash flow modeling, (iii) collateral asset performance, (iv) local or macro real estate performance, (v) capital market conditions, (vi) debt yield or loan-to-value ratios and (vii) borrower financial condition and performance.

The Company's derivative financial instruments consist of Treasury note futures contracts and an interest rate swap. The fair value of the Company's Treasury note futures contracts is based on quoted market prices for identical instruments. The fair value of the Company’s interest rate swap was estimated using information provided by a third-party valuation service provider based on contractual cash flows and interest calculations using the appropriate discount rate.

The Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments are carried at their cash redemption value as if the units were repurchased or redeemable at the reporting date, which equals NAV per unit at the reporting date.

The carrying amounts of financial instruments such as other assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities approximate their fair values due to the short-term maturities and market rates of interest of these instruments.

The following table details the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis ($ in thousands):


	September 30, 2024								December 31, 2023
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Investments in real estate debt	$	—	$	—	$	79,225	$	79,225	$	—	$	—	$	16,825	$	16,825
Investments in real estate-related and other securities		478		—		—		478		416		—		—		416
Treasury note futures contracts(1)		—		—		—		—		22		—		—		22
Total	$	478	$	—	$	79,225	$	79,703	$	438	$	—	$	16,825	$	17,263

Liabilities:
Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments	$	—	$	—	$	104,366	$	104,366	$	—	$	—	$	101,753	$	101,753
Treasury note futures contracts(2)		88		—		—		88		—		—		—		—
Interest rate swap(2)		—		432		—		432		—		—		—		—
Total	$	88	$	432	$	104,366	$	104,886	$	—	$	—	$	101,753	$	101,753

(1) Included in other assets, net on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(2) Included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following table details the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs ($ in thousands):


	Investments in Real Estate Debt (asset)		Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments (liability)
Balance at December 31, 2023	$	16,825	$	101,753
Additions		62,400		—
Distributions declared		—		3,224
Reclassify to distributions payable/paid		—		(3,224	)
Redemption value adjustment		—		2,613
Balance at September 30, 2024	$	79,225	$	104,366

The following table contains the quantitative inputs and assumptions used for items categorized in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy ($ in thousands):

           
          September 30, 2024

           
          Fair Value

          Valuation Technique

          Unobservable Inputs

          Weighted - Average Rate

          Impact to Valuation from an Increase in Input

          Assets:

Investments in real estate debt

79,225

Discounted cash flow

Market credit spread

SOFR(1) + 3.20%

Decrease

          Liabilities:

Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments(2)

104,366

Discounted cash flow

Discount rate/
Exit capitalization rate/Market yield

50%/  
75%/  
02%

Decrease

(1) "SOFR" refers to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate which was 4.85% at September 30, 2024.

(2) Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments are carried at the NAV of the Class E units and Class E shares, which is determined monthly in accordance with the Company's valuation guidelines.

Valuation of assets and liabilities not measured at fair value

The fair value of the Company’s financial instruments (other than mortgage notes and the Repurchase Facility), including cash and cash equivalents and other financial instruments, approximate their carrying or contract value. The fair value of the Company’s indebtedness is estimated by modeling the cash flows required by the Company’s debt agreements and discounting them back to the present value using an appropriate discount rate. Additionally, the Company considers current market rates and conditions by evaluating similar borrowing agreements with comparable loan-to-value ratios and credit profiles. The inputs used in determining the fair value of the Company’s indebtedness are considered Level 3.

The following table presents the carrying value and fair value of financial instruments that are not carried at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets:


	September 30, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value
Mortgage notes(1)	$	124,967	$	125,026	$	115,346	$	113,516
Repurchase facility(1)		46,800		46,800		—		—
Total	$	171,767	$	171,826	$	115,346	$	113,516

(1) Carrying value excludes deferred financing costs and discounts.

Deposits on Real Estate

Deposits paid on real estate purchase contracts are recorded and classified as deposits on real estate on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets until the related real estate purchase is completed. Deposits are reclassified as a component of real estate at the time the deposit is used to offset the acquisition price of the real estate based on the terms of the underlying agreement. To the extent a deposit is non-refundable and the real estate purchase is terminated, the deposit is expensed to other income (expense), net on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. No deposits were written off during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Deferred Charges

The Company’s deferred charges include financing and leasing costs. Deferred financing costs include legal, structuring and other loan costs incurred by the Company for its financing agreements. Deferred financing costs related to the Company’s mortgage notes, as well as financing costs related to the Repurchase Facility, are recorded as an offset to the related liability and amortized over the term of the applicable financing instruments as interest expense. Deferred financing costs related to the Credit Facility (Note 8) are recorded as a component of other assets on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortized over the term of the applicable financing agreement. Deferred leasing costs incurred in connection with a new lease, consisting primarily of brokerage and legal fees, are recorded as a component of other assets on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortized over the term of the related lease.

Income Taxes

The Company elected to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”), effective January 1, 2023. The Company qualified for taxation as a REIT and generally will not be subject to federal corporate income tax to the extent it distributes 90% of its taxable income to its stockholders. REITs are subject to a number of other organizational and operational requirements. Even though the Company qualifies for taxation as a REIT, it may be subject to certain state and local taxes on its income and property, and federal income and excise taxes on its undistributed income.

Revenue Recognition

The Company commences revenue recognition on its leases based on a number of factors, including the initial determination that the contract is or contains a lease. When it is determined that a contract contains a lease, revenue is recognized when the lessee takes possession of or controls the physical use of the leased assets. In most instances this occurs on the lease commencement date. At the inception or acquisition of a lease, including new leases that arise from amendments, the Company assesses the terms and conditions of the lease to determine the proper lease classification.

A lease is classified as an operating lease if none of the following criteria are met: (i) ownership transfers to the lessee at the end of the lease term, (ii) the lessee has a purchase option that is reasonably expected to be exercised, (iii) the lease term is for a major part of the economic life of the leased property, (iv) the present value of the future lease payments and any residual value guaranteed by the lessee that is not already reflected in the lease payments equals or exceeds substantially all of the fair value of the leased property, and (v) the leased property is of such a specialized nature that it is expected to have no future alternative use to the Company at the end of the lease term. If one or more of these criteria are met, the lease will generally be classified as a sales-type lease, unless the lease contains a residual value guarantee from a third party other than the lessee, in which case it would be classified as a financing lease under certain circumstances in accordance with ASC 842.

The Company’s rental revenue primarily consists of fixed contractual base rent arising from tenant leases at the Company’s properties under operating leases. Revenue under operating leases that is deemed probable of collection is recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the terms of the related leases. For leases that have fixed and measurable rent escalations, the difference between such rental income earned and the cash rent due under the provisions of the lease is recorded on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Management exercises judgment in assessing collectability and considers the length of time a receivable has been outstanding, tenant creditworthiness, payment history, available information about the financial condition of the tenant, and current economic trends, among other factors. Tenant receivables that are deemed uncollectible are recognized as a reduction to rental revenue.

Certain of the Company’s contracts contain non-lease components (e.g., charges for management fees, common area maintenance, reimbursement of third-party maintenance expenses, real estate taxes and insurance) in addition to lease components (i.e., monthly rental charges). Services related to non-lease components are provided over the same period of time as, and billed in the same manner as, monthly rental charges. The Company elected to apply the practical expedient available under ASC 842, for all classes of assets, not to segregate the lease components from the non-lease components when accounting for operating leases. Since the lease component is the predominant component under each of these leases, combined revenues from both the lease and non-lease components are accounted for in accordance with ASC 842 and reported as rental revenues in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Organization and Offering Costs

Organization costs are expensed as incurred and recorded as a component of general and administrative expenses on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Offering costs are charged to equity as such amounts are incurred.

The Adviser advanced the Company’s organization and offering costs (including legal, accounting, and other expenses attributable to the Company’s organization, but excluding upfront selling commissions, dealer manager fees and stockholder servicing fees) on behalf of the Company through July 22, 2024, which marked the second anniversary of the commencement of the Offering. Commencing on July 22, 2024, the Company began reimbursing the Adviser for all such advanced costs ratably over a 60-month period.

Organization and offering costs advanced by the Adviser and its affiliates are recorded as a component of due to affiliates in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Operating Expenses

The Adviser will advance on the Company’s behalf certain of the Company’s operating expenses through the earlier of (i) the first date that the Company’s NAV reaches $500 million and (ii) December 31, 2024. The Company will reimburse the Adviser for all such advanced operating expenses ratably over the 60 months following such date. Operating expenses incurred by the Company are expensed in the period incurred.

Operating expenses advanced by the Adviser and its affiliates are recorded as a component of due to affiliates in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Share Repurchases

The Company has adopted a share repurchase plan, whereby on a monthly basis, stockholders may request that the Company repurchase all or any portion of their shares. The Company may choose to repurchase all, some or none of the shares that have been requested to be repurchased at the end of any particular month, in its discretion, subject to any limitations in the share repurchase plan. The total amount of aggregate repurchases of the Company’s shares is limited to 2% of the aggregate NAV per month (measured using the aggregate NAV attributable to stockholders as of the end of the immediately preceding month) and 5% of the aggregate NAV per calendar quarter (measured using the average aggregate NAV attributable to stockholders as of the end of the immediately preceding three months). Shares are repurchased at a price equal to the transaction price on the applicable repurchase date, subject to any early repurchase deduction. Shares that have not been outstanding for at least one year are repurchased at 98% of the transaction price. If the Company determines to repurchase some but not all of the shares submitted for repurchase during any month, shares submitted for repurchase during such month will be repurchased on a pro rata basis based on the amount requested after the Company has repurchased all shares for which repurchase was requested due to death or disability and other limited exceptions. All unsatisfied repurchase requests must be resubmitted after the start of the next month or quarter, or upon the recommencement of the share repurchase plan, as applicable.

Due to the illiquid nature of investments in real estate, the Company may not have sufficient liquid resources to fund repurchase requests and has established limitations on the amount of funds the Company may use for repurchases during any calendar month and quarter. Should repurchase requests, in the Company's judgment, place an undue burden on the Company's liquidity, adversely affect the Company's operations or risk having an adverse impact on the Company as a whole, or should the Company otherwise determine that investing its liquid assets in real properties or other investments rather than repurchasing its shares is in the best interests of the Company as a whole, the Company may choose to repurchase fewer shares in any particular month than have been requested to be repurchased, or none at all. Further, the Company's board of directors may make exceptions to, modify or suspend the share repurchase plan if in its reasonable judgment it deems such action to be in the Company's best interest and the best interests of the Company's stockholders.

Class E shares issued in the Initial Capitalization

The Class E shares issued in the Initial Capitalization are not eligible for repurchase pursuant to the share repurchase plan. Such Class E shares will only be eligible for repurchase following the earlier to occur of (i) July 22, 2025, which is the third anniversary of the date the Company commenced the Offering, and (ii) the date that the Company’s aggregate NAV is at least $1.5 billion. Following such period, holders of Class E shares (other than the Class E shares purchased by JPMIM as part of the Initial Capitalization, which are subject to special terms discussed below in the JPMIM mandatory Class E repurchases section) may request that the Company repurchase their Class E shares on a monthly basis. The Company will repurchase Class E shares at a price per share equal to the most recently determined NAV per Class E share as of the repurchase date.

The aggregate amount of Class E shares issued in the Initial Capitalization that the Company is required to repurchase in any month will be limited to an amount equal to any remaining availability for share repurchases pursuant to the terms and conditions of the share repurchase plan, after the Company has fulfilled all repurchase requests submitted pursuant to the share repurchase plan. In addition, the Company will not repurchase any Class E shares during any period that the share repurchase plan has been suspended.

The Class E shares issued in the Initial Capitalization are not eligible for repurchase pursuant to the share repurchase plan. However, the Class E shares that the Company issues to employees or affiliates of J.P. Morgan in a private offering and Class E shares issued to the Company’s independent directors in connection with their compensation are eligible for repurchase pursuant to the share repurchase plan in the same manner as publicly offered shares.

Class E and Class I shares issued in a private offering of Class E and Class I shares

The Class E and Class I shares issued in a private offering of Class E and Class I shares are not eligible for repurchase pursuant to the share repurchase plan until the earlier to occur of (i) July 22, 2025, which is the third anniversary of the date that the Company commenced the Offering, and (ii) the date that the Company’s aggregate NAV is at least $1.5 billion. Following such period, holders of Class E and Class I shares purchased in a private offering of Class E and Class I shares may request that the Company repurchase their Class E and Class I shares on a monthly basis, provided that such holders request that the Company repurchase an equal dollar amount of Class E and Class I shares, and subject to the terms and limitations set forth in the share repurchase plan. The Company will repurchase Class E and Class I shares at a price per share equal to the most recently determined NAV per Class E and Class I share, respectively, as of the repurchase date.

Class E shares issued in a private offering of Class E shares

On or after January 1, 2030, holders of Class E shares acquired in a private offering of Class E shares may on a monthly basis request that the Company repurchase a portion of their Class E shares acquired in such offering pursuant to the share repurchase plan, subject to the terms and limitations set forth in the share repurchase plan.

JPMIM mandatory Class E repurchases

JPMIM has agreed to hold all the Class E shares and Class E units it purchases pursuant to JPM Initial Capitalization until the earlier of (i) the first date that the Company’s NAV reaches $1.5 billion and (ii) July 22, 2025, which is three years from the commencement of the Offering. Following such date, each month the Company will repurchase, without further action by JPMIM, a number of Class E shares or Class E units from JPMIM in an amount equal to the amount available under the share repurchase plan’s 2% monthly and 5% quarterly caps after satisfying repurchase requests from investors who purchase shares pursuant to the Offering and any other holders of shares that are otherwise subject to repurchase under the share repurchase plan, until such time as the JPM Initial Capitalization has been fully repurchased; provided, that the number of shares subject to each JPM Mandatory Repurchase may be reduced where other holders of Class E shares that were issued pursuant to the Initial Capitalization and are not subject to repurchase under the share repurchase plan request repurchase of their shares, in which case the Class E shares held by JPMIM and such other investors will be repurchased on a pro rata basis based on their respective percentage ownership in the Company immediately prior to such repurchase (not to exceed an aggregate number of shares equal to the amount available under the share repurchase plan’s 2% monthly and 5% quarterly caps). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company will not effect any JPM Mandatory Repurchase during any month in which the full amount of all shares requested to be repurchased by stockholders other than JPMIM under the share repurchase plan is not repurchased or when the share repurchase plan has been suspended.

Derivative Instruments

The Company uses derivative financial instruments such as Treasury note futures contracts and interest rate swaps to manage ongoing risks from fluctuations in interest rates. The Company records its derivative instruments at fair value and such instruments are reflected in other assets, net or accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. Any changes in the fair value of these derivative instruments are recorded within other income (expense), net on the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations (see Note 16).

Earnings Per Share

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss for the period by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per share is computed by dividing net loss for the period by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and common stock equivalents outstanding (unless their effect is anti-dilutive) for the period. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, unvested Class E shares awarded to the Company's independent directors are excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share as the inclusion of such potential common shares in the calculation would be anti-dilutive. There were no other potentially dilutive, unissued common shares for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. The weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding is identical for both basic and diluted shares.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued an accounting standards update intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements on an annual and interim basis. The amendments require, among other items, enhanced disclosures around significant segment expenses regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker ("CODM"), as well as the CODM's title and position. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The amendments must be applied on a retrospective basis and early adoption is permitted. Management is currently evaluating the impact of these amendments on the Company's disclosures.

4. Investments in Real Estate

Investments in real estate, net consisted of the following ($ in thousands):


	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
Building and building improvements	$	249,662		$	201,033
Land and land improvements		101,530			76,912
Furniture, fixtures and equipment		3,880			3,265
Total		355,072			281,210
Accumulated depreciation		(11,495	)		(5,737	)
Investments in real estate, net	$	343,577		$	275,473

Acquisitions

On December 1, 2023, the Company entered into a purchase and sale agreement to acquire a single-family rental residential community under development (“Fiore”) located within the Sarasota, Florida metropolitan area. Fiore contains 126 three-bedroom townhomes, all with high-end unit finishes and community amenities, including a pool and dog park. The total purchase price was approximately $45.4 million, exclusive of closing costs. Upon execution of the purchase and sale agreement, the Company was obligated to deliver a cash deposit in the amount of $9.1 million to be held in escrow. A portion of the deposit was applied towards the purchase price for each closing beginning with the second closing. While Fiore was under development, townhomes were conveyed on a rolling basis in multiple tranches containing approximately 18-36 townhomes per closing. On December 15, 2023, the Company closed on the initial tranche of 36 townhomes for $13.1 million, inclusive of closing costs. On February 26, 2024, the Company closed on the second tranche of 36 townhomes for $13.1 million, inclusive of closing costs. On April 24, 2024, June 25, 2024 and September 10, 2024, the Company closed on the third, fourth and fifth and final tranches, respectively, each consisting of 18 townhomes for a total purchase price of $19.6 million, inclusive of closing costs.

On May 15, 2024, the Company acquired a 95% interest in a 99,837-square foot, 100% leased, Class A grocery-anchored shopping center (“Shops at Grand Avenue”) in the Maspeth neighborhood of Queens, NY. The total purchase price was $48.3 million, exclusive of closing costs. The net purchase price paid by the Company was $46.1 million, inclusive of closing costs.

The following table provides details of the properties acquired during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 ($ in thousands):


Property Type	Purchase Price(1)		Number of Transactions		Number of Properties		Sq. Ft. (in thousands)/Units
Single-family rental property(2)	$	32,768		4		1	90 units
Retail		48,878		1		1	100 sq. ft.
Total	$	81,646		5		2

(1) Purchase price is inclusive of acquisition-related costs.

(2) The 90 Fiore townhomes acquired in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and the 36 Fiore townhomes acquired in 2023 are included as a single property.

The following table details the purchase price allocation for the properties acquired during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 ($ in thousands):


	Amount
Building and building improvements	$	47,760
Land and land improvements		24,603
Furniture, fixtures and equipment		554
In-place lease intangibles		9,921
Above-market lease intangibles		137
Below-market lease intangibles		(1,329	)
Total purchase price		81,646
Other acquisition costs		(459	)
Deposit applied		(9,072	)
Non-controlling interest deemed contributions		(2,422	)
Net purchase price	$	69,693

5. Investments in Real Estate Debt

The following table details the Company’s investments in real estate debt ($ in thousands):


						September 30, 2024				December 31, 2023
Real Estate Debt	Number of Positions		Credit Rating	Coupon	Maturity Date	Cost Basis		Fair Value		Cost Basis		Fair Value
Mezzanine Loan		1	Not Rated	SOFR(1) + 5.22%	September 9, 2025	$	16,825	$	16,825	$	16,825	$	16,825
Commercial Mortgage Loan		1	Not Rated	SOFR(1) + 2.65%	September 5, 2026		62,400		62,400		—		—
Total investments in real estate debt		2				$	79,225	$	79,225	$	16,825	$	16,825

(1)SOFR was 4.85% and 5.35% on September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

On September 2, 2022, the Company acquired a $26.8 million mezzanine loan (the "Mezzanine Loan") and, concurrent with the acquisition, sold a $10 million pari passu participation interest to an affiliate of the Adviser. The sale of the participating interest met the criteria to be classified as an accounting sale, and not a financing, as the Company did not retain a controlling interest in the loan. The loan financed the acquisition of a garden-style multifamily property located in Murfreesboro, Tennessee. The Mezzanine Loan is an interest-only loan and was fully funded as of the acquisition date. The Mezzanine Loan had a stated maturity of September 7, 2024, which included up to three one-year extension options at the borrower’s request. On September 9, 2024, the borrower extended the Mezzanine Loan to September 9, 2025.

On August 26, 2024, the Company closed on a $62.4 million commercial mortgage loan (the “Commercial Mortgage Loan”) to finance the acquisition of Satori West Ashley, a 297-unit multifamily property located in Charleston, South Carolina. The Commercial Mortgage Loan has a stated maturity of September 5, 2026 and includes up to three one-year extension options. The Commercial Mortgage Loan was financed using proceeds from the Repurchase Facility (see Note 8).

The following table details the amounts recognized for the Company's investments in real estate debt ($ in thousands):


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Interest income	$	1,527		$	450		$	2,424		$	1,293
Other income (expense), net		(3	)		(3	)		(9	)		(6	)
Total income from investments in real estate debt	$	1,524		$	447		$	2,415		$	1,287

6. Investments in Real Estate-Related and Other Securities

The following table details the Company’s investments in real estate-related and other securities ($ in thousands):


			September 30, 2024						December 31, 2023
Real Estate-Related and Other Securities	Coupon	Maturity Date	Face Amount		Cost Basis		Fair Value		Face Amount		Cost Basis		Fair Value
U.S. Treasury(1)	N/A	March 14, 2024	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	420	$	409	$	416
U.S. Treasury(1)	N/A	October 29, 2024		480		472		478		—		—		—
Total real estate-related and other securities			$	480	$	472	$	478	$	420	$	409	$	416

(1) Includes $0.5 million of securities pledged as collateral related to the Treasury note futures contracts.

The following table details the amounts recognized for the Company's investments in real estate-related and other securities ($ in thousands):


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,					For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023			2024		2023
Interest income	$	7	$	76		$	18	$	208
Unrealized gain		—		260			—		80
Realized loss		—		(654	)		—		(654	)
Total income (loss) from investments in real estate-related and other securities	$	7	$	(318	)	$	18	$	(366	)

7. Intangibles

The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of the Company’s intangible assets and liabilities, not fully amortized, consisted of the following ($ in thousands):


	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
Intangible assets:
In-place lease intangibles	$	17,928		$	8,007
Above-market lease intangibles		2,174			2,037
Total intangible assets		20,102			10,044
Accumulated amortization:
In-place lease amortization		(1,848	)		(543	)
Above-market lease amortization		(370	)		(132	)
Total accumulated amortization		(2,218	)		(675	)
Intangible assets, net	$	17,884		$	9,369
Intangible liabilities:
Below-market lease intangibles	$	(3,159	)	$	(1,830	)
Accumulated amortization:
Below-market lease amortization		293			146
Intangible liabilities, net	$	(2,866	)	$	(1,684	)

The estimated future amortization on the Company’s intangibles for each of the next five years and thereafter as of September 30, 2024 is as follows ($ in thousands):


	In-place Lease Intangibles		Above-market Lease Intangibles		Below-market Lease Intangibles
2024 (remaining)	$	617	$	86	$	(69	)
2025		2,412		330		(274	)
2026		2,371		320		(274	)
2027		2,328		320		(274	)
2028		2,070		289		(273	)
Thereafter		6,282		459		(1,702	)
Total	$	16,080	$	1,804	$	(2,866	)

The in-place lease intangible amortization is recorded in depreciation and amortization while the above-market and below-market intangible amortization are recorded in rental revenue on the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The weighted-average amortization periods for the acquired in-place lease intangibles, above-market lease intangibles and below-market lease intangibles for the properties acquired during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 were 8.0 years, 3.1 years and 10.2 years, respectively.

8. Mortgage Notes, Credit Facility and Repurchase Facility

Mortgage notes

The following is a summary of the mortgage notes secured by the Company’s properties ($ in thousands):


					Principal Balance Outstanding
Indebtedness	Interest Rate			Maturity Date	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
Caroline West Gray		5.44	%	12/1/2029	$	45,911		$	45,911
Caroline Post Oak		5.44	%	12/1/2029		40,528			40,528
Coda on Centre		4.28	%	5/1/2029		28,528			28,907
6200 Bristol(1)	SOFR + 2.05%			4/1/2029		10,000			—
Total loans secured by real estate						124,967			115,346
Deferred financing costs, net						(1,203	)		(1,030	)
Mortgage discount, net						(637	)		(739	)
Mortgage notes, net					$	123,127		$	113,577

(1) The Company entered into a non-hedge interest rate swap on April 2, 2024, which fixed the rate at 6.26%.

On April 2, 2024, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company closed on a five year, $10.0 million loan secured by 6200 Bristol. The loan carries an interest rate of SOFR plus 2.05%. In conjunction with the loan transaction, the Company entered into an interest rate swap which fixed the interest rate at 6.26%.

The following table details the future principal payments due under the Company’s mortgage notes as of September 30, 2024 ($ in thousands):


Year	Mortgage Notes
2024 (remainder)	$	131
2025		536
2026		560
2027		585
2028		635
Thereafter		122,520
Total future principal payments	$	124,967

Credit Facility

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company, as initial guarantor, and the Operating Partnership, as initial borrower, entered into a credit agreement (“Credit Facility”) with U.S. Bank National Association (“U.S. Bank”). The Credit Facility provided for aggregate commitments of up to $65 million for secured revolving loans and letter of credit issuances, with an accordion feature pursuant to which the Operating Partnership may increase the aggregate commitments up to $150 million, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions.

On August 25, 2023, the Credit Facility was amended to (i) extend the maturity date to August 29, 2024, (ii) decrease the aggregate commitments from up to $65 million to up to $8 million and (iii) increase the applicable margin to 2.45%. All other material terms of the Credit Facility remain the same.

Effective March 12, 2024, the Company executed and delivered a Facility Reduction Request (the "Facility Reduction Request") requesting a decrease in the maximum commitments of the Credit Facility to $0.0 million. The delivery of the Facility Reduction Request permanently reduced the aggregate commitments available under the Credit Facility. As of December 31, 2023, there was no outstanding balance under the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility terminated at maturity on August 29, 2024.

Repurchase Facility

On August 22, 2024, certain indirect subsidiaries of the Company (the “Sellers”) entered into a Master Repurchase Agreement (the “Repurchase Facility”) with U.S. Bank National Association (the “Buyer”). The Repurchase Facility provides for a maximum aggregate purchase price of $150 million and has a three-year term plus two, one-year extension options. Subject to the terms and conditions thereof, the Repurchase Facility provides for the purchase, sale and repurchase of senior mortgage loans and participation interests in performing senior mortgage loans satisfying certain conditions set forth in the Repurchase Facility.

Advances under the Repurchase Facility accrue interest at a per annum rate equal to the Term SOFR Base Rate (as defined in the Repurchase Facility) for a one-month period plus a margin as agreed upon by the Buyer and Seller for each transaction. The Repurchase Facility contains affirmative and negative covenants and provisions regarding events of default that are normal and customary for similar repurchase facilities. The Operating Partnership has agreed to provide a limited guarantee of the obligations of the Sellers under the Repurchase Facility.

Borrowings from the Repurchase Facility were used to originate the Commercial Mortgage Loan (see Note 5).

The Company’s borrowings from the Repurchase Facility as of September 30, 2024 are detailed in the following table ($ in thousands):


	Maximum Facility Size		Borrowings Outstanding			Interest Rate	Maturity Date
Repurchase Agreement	$	150,000	$	46,800		SOFR(1) + 1.80%	8/22/2027
Less: Unamortized deferred financing costs				(470	)
	$	150,000	$	46,330

(1) SOFR was 4.85% and 5.35% on September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

The following table details the future principal payments due under the Company’s Repurchase Facility as of September 30, 2024 ($ in thousands):


Year	Secured financings
2024 (remainder)	$	—
2025		—
2026		—
2027		46,800
2028		—
Thereafter		—
Total future principal payments	$	46,800

The Company is subject to various financial and operational covenants under certain of its mortgage notes and the Repurchase Facility. These covenants require the Company to maintain certain financial ratios, which may include leverage, debt yield, and debt service coverage, among others. As of September 30, 2024, the Company was in compliance with all of its loan covenants that could result in a default under such agreements.

9. Related Party Transactions

The Company and the Operating Partnership entered into an advisory agreement with the Adviser on May 31, 2022, which was amended and restated on May 12, 2023 and November 13, 2023 (the "Advisory Agreement"). Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser is responsible for sourcing, evaluating and monitoring the Company’s investment opportunities and making decisions related to the acquisition, management, financing and disposition of the Company’s assets, in accordance with the Company’s investment objectives, guidelines, policies and limitations, subject to oversight by the Company’s board of directors.

The Adviser and certain of its Affiliates receive fees and compensation in connection with the ongoing management of the assets of the Company. The Adviser is paid a management fee equal to 1.00% of NAV per annum for Class D, Class I, Class S and Class T shares and 0.75% of NAV per annum for Class X and Class Y shares, payable monthly. The management fee is paid, at the Adviser’s election, in cash, Class E shares, or Class E Operating Partnership units. The Class E shares are not subject to the management fee. The Adviser waived its management fee through December 31, 2022. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company incurred management fees of $0.3 million and $0.7 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company incurred management fees of $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively.

The Company, as general partner, and the Special Limited Partner entered into the Limited Partnership Agreement of the Operating Partnership on June 3, 2022, which was amended and restated on September 20, 2022, and November 13, 2023.

The Special Limited Partner holds a performance participation interest in the Operating Partnership that entitles it to receive an allocation from the Operating Partnership equal to (i) 12.5% of the annual Total Return, subject to a 5% annual Hurdle Amount and a High-Water Mark, with a Catch-Up (each term as defined in the Operating Partnership limited partnership agreement) with respect to Class D, I, S, and T units of the Operating Partnership and (ii) 10.0% of the annual Class X and Y Total Return, subject to a 7% Class X and Y Hurdle Amount and a Class X and Y High-Water Mark, with a 50% Class X and Y Catch-Up (each term as defined in the Operating Partnership limited partnership agreement) with respect to Class X units of the Operating Partnership and Class Y units of the Operating Partnership, respectively. Such allocation is measured on a calendar year basis, made quarterly and accrued monthly. The performance participation interest is not paid on the Class E shares and Class E Operating Partnership units. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company incurred $0.2 million and $0.6 million relating to the performance participation allocation, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company incurred $0.1 million and $0.2 million relating to the performance participation allocation, respectively.

See Note 2 for a discussion on the Adviser's investment in the Company.

J.P. Morgan Institutional Investments Inc. (the “Dealer Manager”) serves as the dealer manager for the Offerings. The Dealer Manager is a registered broker-dealer affiliated with the Adviser. The Company entered into an agreement with the Dealer Manager (the “Dealer Manager Agreement”) on June 8, 2022 in connection with the Offering.

In connection with the private offering of Class E shares and Class I shares, the Company entered into a separate dealer manager agreement with the Dealer Manager on January 31, 2023, which provides for the distribution of Class E shares and Class I shares in the private offering through registered investment advisers selected by the Dealer Manager. No fees or other compensation (other than the customary reimbursement of expenses and indemnification) are payable to the Dealer Manager under such agreement.

On November 13, 2023, in connection with the private offering of Class Y shares, the Company entered into an engagement letter (the “Class Y Participating Dealer Agreement”) with the Dealer Manager, the Adviser and an affiliate of the Adviser (the “Participating Dealer”), which authorized the distribution by the Participating Dealer. Pursuant to the Class Y Participating Dealer Agreement, the Dealer Manager will reallow all or a portion of the upfront selling commissions and stockholder servicing fees payable with respect to the shares sold by the Participating Dealer.

On September 27, 2024, in connection with the private offering of Class E shares, the Company entered into an engagement letter (the “Class E Participating Dealer Agreement”) with the Dealer Manager, the Adviser and the Participating Dealer, which authorized the distribution by the Participating Dealer. Pursuant to the Class E Participating Dealer Agreement, the Adviser intends to pay the Participating Dealer a fee for such distribution services in an amount and subject to terms to be agreed between the Adviser and the Participating Dealer.

The Dealer Manager is entitled to receive upfront selling commissions of up to 3.0%, and upfront dealer manager fees of up to 0.5%, of the transaction price of each Class T share sold in the primary offering, however such amounts may vary at certain participating broker-dealers provided that the sum will not exceed 3.5% of the transaction price. The Dealer Manager is entitled to receive upfront selling commissions of up to 3.5% of the transaction price of each Class S share sold in the primary offering. The Dealer Manager is entitled to receive upfront selling commissions of up to 1.5% of the transaction price of each Class D share sold in the primary offering. The Dealer Manager is entitled to receive upfront selling commissions of up to 3.5% of the transaction price of each share sold in the Class Y private offering. No upfront selling commissions or dealer manager fees will be paid with respect to purchases of Class I or Class X shares or shares of any class sold pursuant to the distribution reinvestment plan.

The Dealer Manager also receives a stockholder servicing fee of 0.25%, 0.85% and 0.85% per annum of the aggregate NAV of the Company’s outstanding Class D shares, Class S shares and Class T shares, respectively. The Company will cease paying the stockholder servicing fee with respect to any Class D share, Class S share and Class T share sold in the primary offering at the end of the month in which the total selling commissions, dealer manager fees and stockholder servicing fees paid with respect to such share would exceed 8.75% (or, in the case of Class T shares sold through certain participating broker-dealers, a lower limit as set forth in any applicable agreement between the Dealer Manager and a participating broker-dealer) of the gross proceeds from the sale of such share (including the gross proceeds of any shares issued under the distribution reinvestment plan with respect thereto). At the end of such month, such Class D share, Class S share or Class T share (and any shares issued under the distribution reinvestment plan with respect thereto) will convert into a number of Class I shares (including any fractional shares) with an equivalent aggregate NAV of such share. The Company will accrue the cost of the lifetime stockholder servicing fee as an offering cost at the time each Class D, Class S and Class T share is sold during the primary offering. The Company’s obligations to pay stockholder servicing fees with respect to the Class D, Class S and Class T shares distributed in the Offering will survive until such shares are no longer outstanding (including because such shares converted into Class I shares). As of September 30, 2024, the Company had accrued stockholder servicing fees of $1.0 million. Stockholder servicing fees are recorded as a component of due to affiliates on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

With respect to the Company's outstanding Class Y shares, the Company pays the Dealer Manager stockholder servicing fees of 0.85% per annum of the aggregate NAV of the Company’s outstanding Class Y shares. The Company will cease paying the stockholder servicing fee with respect to any Class Y share sold at the end of the month in which the total selling commissions and stockholder servicing fees paid with respect to such share would exceed 8.75% of the gross proceeds from the sale of such share (including the gross proceeds of any Class Y shares issued under the distribution reinvestment plan). At the end of such month, such Class Y share (and any shares issued under the distribution reinvestment plan with respect thereto) that did not previously convert to Class S shares pursuant to certain conversion terms set forth in the Charter will convert into a number of Class I shares (including any fractional shares) with an equivalent aggregate NAV of such share. Following the conversion of any Class Y shares into Class S shares, the Company will pay the Dealer Manager stockholder servicing fees with respect to such outstanding Class S shares equal to 0.85% per annum of the aggregate NAV of such outstanding Class S shares. The Company will accrue the cost of the lifetime stockholder servicing fee as an offering cost at the time each Class Y share is sold during the private offering of Class Y shares. The Company's obligations to pay stockholder servicing fees with respect to Class Y shares distributed shall survive until such shares are no longer outstanding (including because such shares converted into Class I shares).

There is no stockholder servicing fee with respect to Class E, Class I or Class X shares.

The Company may retain certain of the Adviser’s affiliates for necessary services relating to the Company’s investments or its operations, including any administrative services, construction, special servicing, leasing, development, property oversight and other property management services, as well as services related to mortgage servicing, group purchasing, healthcare, consulting/brokerage, capital markets/credit origination, loan servicing, property, title or other types of insurance, management consulting and other similar operational matters.

As of December 31, 2023, the Company had sold 9.0 million Class E Operating Partnership units and 0.5 million Class E shares to the Adviser for an aggregate purchase price of $94.2 million and $5.8 million, respectively (see Note 13). During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company did not sell any Class E Operating Partnership units or Class E shares to the Adviser (see Note 2). Class E units and Class E shares sold to the Adviser as part of the Initial Capitalization are recorded as Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets (see Note 13). The distribution payable for Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments was $0.4 million as of September 30, 2024.

On September 2, 2022, the Company acquired a $26.8 million Mezzanine Loan and, concurrent with the acquisition, sold a $10.0 million pari passu participation interest to an affiliate of the Adviser (see Note 5).

In May 2023, the Company began to invest in a money market fund managed by an affiliate of the Adviser. As of September 30, 2024, included in cash and cash equivalents, is $25.6 million invested in the money market fund.

Due to Affiliates

The following table details the components of due to affiliates ($ in thousands):


	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Organization and offering costs	$	7,243	$	6,648
Operating expenses		10,620		7,935
Accrued performance participation allocation		592		—
Management fee		94		100
Stockholder servicing fee		969		36
Total	$	19,518	$	14,719

Organization and offering costs

The Adviser has advanced $7.2 million and $6.7 million of organization and offering costs (including legal, accounting, and other expenses attributable to the Company’s organization, but excluding upfront selling commissions, dealer manager fees and stockholder servicing fees) on behalf of the Company through September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser advanced all such costs on behalf of the Company through July 22, 2024, which marked the second anniversary of the Offering. Commencing on July 22, 2024, the Company began reimbursing the Adviser for all such advanced costs ratably over a 60-month period. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company reimbursed $0.3 million to the Adviser.

Operating expenses

The Adviser has advanced $10.6 million and $7.9 million of operating expenses on the Company’s behalf as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Company will reimburse the Adviser for all advanced operating expenses ratably over the 60 months starting the earlier of (i) the first date that the Company’s NAV reaches $500 million and (ii) December 31, 2024.

10. Other Assets and Liabilities

The following table summarizes the components of other assets ($ in thousands):


	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Tenant receivables	$	461	$	221
Acquisition costs		—		146
Prepaid expenses		748		170
Interest receivable		428		114
Straight-line rent receivable		763		342
Other		16		73
Total	$	2,416	$	1,066

The following table summarizes the components of accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities ($ in thousands):


	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Real estate taxes payable	$	643	$	—
Accrued expenses		2,366		1,214
Accounts payable		54		152
Distributions payable(1)		1,080		832
Tenant security deposits		642		1,405
Other		1,353		101
Total	$	6,138	$	3,704

(1) Included in distributions payable is $0.4 million and $0.4 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, relating to distributions declared on Class E units and Class E shares held by the Adviser.

11. Leases

Lessor

The Company’s rental revenue primarily consists of rent earned from operating leases at the Company’s multifamily, single-family rental, retail and net lease industrial properties. Leases at the Company’s retail and industrial properties include a fixed base rent, and a variable rent component that consists of the reimbursement of operating expenses such as real estate taxes, insurance, and common area maintenance costs. Rental revenue earned from leases at the Company’s multifamily and single-family properties primarily consist of a fixed base rent, and certain leases contain a variable component that allows for the pass-through of certain operating expenses such as utilities.

The leases at the Company’s net lease retail and industrial properties are longer-term and contain extension and termination options at the lessee’s election. The leases do not have material variable payments, material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. Leases at the Company’s multifamily and single-family rental properties are short-term in nature, generally not greater than 12 months in length, and therefore not included in the tables below.

The following table details the components of operating lease income from the Company's retail and industrial properties ($ in thousands).


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Fixed lease payments	$	2,016	$	958	$	4,684	$	1,401
Total fixed lease payments	$	2,016	$	958	$	4,684	$	1,401

The following table presents the future minimum rents the Company expects to receive from its retail and industrial properties as of September 30, 2024 ($ in thousands).


Year	Amount
2024 (remainder)	$	2,026
2025		8,130
2026		8,272
2027		8,386
2028		8,171
Thereafter		28,929
Total	$	63,914

12. Equity

Authorized capital

The Company is authorized to issue preferred stock and seven classes of common stock consisting of Class D shares, Class I shares, Class S shares, Class T shares, Class E shares, Class X shares and Class Y shares. The differences among the common share classes relate to upfront selling commissions, dealer manager fees and ongoing stockholder servicing fees. See Note 2 for additional detail of each share class.

As of September 30, 2024, in accordance with the Charter, the Company had authority to issue 5.5 billion shares, consisting of the following (shares in thousands):


Classification	Number of Shares		Par Value
Class D Shares		600,000	$	0.01
Class I Shares		1,500,000		0.01
Class S Shares		1,000,000		0.01
Class T Shares		600,000		0.01
Class E Shares		600,000		0.01
Class X Shares		500,000		0.01
Class Y Shares		600,000		0.01
Preferred Stock		100,000		0.01
Total		5,500,000

Common Stock

The following tables detail the movement in the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock (in thousands). There were no outstanding Class T or Class X shares as of September 30, 2024:


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
	Class D			Class I			Class S		Class T		Class E			Class X		Class Y		Total
Beginning balance, June 30, 2024:		806			7,726			55		—		7,869			—		944		17,400
Common stock issued		126			1,263			1		—		468			—		360		2,218
Common stock repurchased		(7	)		(84	)		—		—		(2	)		—		—		(93	)
Ending balance, September 30, 2024		925			8,905			56		—		8,335			—		1,304		19,525


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
	Class D			Class I			Class S		Class T		Class E			Class X		Class Y		Total
Beginning balance, December 31, 2023:		504			5,397			54		—		6,407			—		—		12,362
Common stock issued		433			3,610			2		—		1,930			—		1,304		7,279
Common stock repurchased		(12	)		(102	)		—		—		(2	)		—		—		(116	)
Ending balance, September 30, 2024		925			8,905			56		—		8,335			—		1,304		19,525

There was no outstanding preferred stock as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Share repurchases

The Company repurchased shares of its common stock for $1.0 million and $1.2 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The Company had no unfilled repurchase requests during the three months ended September 30, 2024. See Note 3 “— Share Repurchases” for a discussion of the share repurchase plan.

Distribution reinvestment plan

The Company has adopted a distribution reinvestment plan whereby holders of shares of common stock will have the cash distributions attributable to the shares they own reinvested in additional shares; provided, however, that clients of certain participating broker-dealers that do not permit automatic enrollment in the distribution reinvestment plan and stockholders that are residents of certain states that do not permit automatic enrollment in the distribution reinvestment plan will automatically receive their distributions in cash unless they elect to participate in the distribution reinvestment plan.

The purchase price for shares of the Company's common stock purchased pursuant to the distribution reinvestment plan will be equal to the transaction price for the applicable class of shares at the time the distribution is payable (which will generally be equal to the Company’s prior month’s NAV per share). Stockholders will not pay upfront selling commissions or dealer manager fees when purchasing shares of common stock pursuant to the distribution reinvestment plan. The stockholder servicing fees with respect to Class D shares, Class S shares, Class T shares and Class Y shares are calculated based on our NAV for those shares and may reduce the NAV or, alternatively, the distributions payable with respect to shares of each such class, including shares issued in respect of distributions on such shares under the distribution reinvestment plan. Shares acquired under the distribution reinvestment plan will entitle the participant to the same rights and be treated in the same manner as shares purchased in the Offering.

Distributions

The following tables detail the aggregate distributions declared for shares of each applicable class of common stock:


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
	Class D		Class I		Class S			Class T		Class E		Class X		Class Y
Aggregate gross distributions declared per share of common stock	$	0.1125	$	0.1125	$	0.1125		$	—	$	0.1125	$	—	$	0.1125
Stockholder servicing fee per share of common stock(1)		—		—		(0.0229	)		—		—		—		(0.0231	)
Net distributions declared per share of common stock	$	0.1125	$	0.1125	$	0.0896		$	—	$	0.1125	$	—	$	0.0894


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
	Class D		Class I		Class S			Class T		Class E		Class X		Class Y
Aggregate gross distributions declared per share of common stock	$	0.3375	$	0.3375	$	0.3375		$	—	$	0.3375	$	—	$	0.3375
Stockholder servicing fee per share of common stock(1)		—		—		(0.0681	)		—		—		—		(0.0686	)
Net distributions declared per share of common stock	$	0.3375	$	0.3375	$	0.2694		$	—	$	0.3375	$	—	$	0.2689

(1) Stockholder servicing fees only apply to Class D, Class S, Class T and Class Y shares. For purposes of NAV, the Company recognizes the stockholder servicing fee as a reduction of NAV on a monthly basis as such fee is paid. Under GAAP, the Company accrues the lifetime cost of the stockholder servicing fee as an offering cost at the time Class D, Class S, Class T and Class Y shares are sold. The stockholder servicing fee on Class D shares was waived as of September 30, 2024, and the NAV attributable to current holders of Class D shares will not be included in the computation of stockholder servicing fees charged on Class D shares in perpetuity. As of September 30, 2024, the Company had accrued stockholder servicing fees of $1.0 million.

13. Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments

As the sole investor in Class E units of the Operating Partnership, JPMIM's interest does not have any voting rights but is entitled to receive distributions at the same rate applicable to other classes of units.

Operating Partnership units also carry a protective exchange feature whereby in a liquidation, dilution or winding up, each unit will convert into a number of Class I units (or fraction thereof) having an equivalent NAV. Such feature is designed to carry over NAV into a new form of security immediately prior to liquidation and is not deemed a substantive conversion feature as it is only applicable upon liquidation or upon a listing event which is not the intent of this public, non-listed REIT structure.

The Class E units and Class E shares held by JPMIM and purchased pursuant to the Initial Capitalization are mandatorily redeemable, and only subject to delays to the continuous obligation to ultimately redeem the instruments once sufficient availability exists under share repurchase agreements. Therefore, the Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments held by JPMIM are classified as a liability pursuant to Topic 480 — Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity and are presented as Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments at the initial funding amount received, which is equivalent to fair value at the issuance dates. Subsequently, the Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments are carried at their cash redemption value as if the Class E units or Class E shares were repurchased or redeemable at the reporting date, which equals NAV per Class E unit or Class E share. The change in carrying value (changes in NAV per Class E unit or Class E share) is classified as mandatorily redeemable instruments interest costs along with any cash distributions declared in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recorded $2.3 million and $5.8 million of mandatorily redeemable instruments interest costs in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, which consisted of a redemption value adjustment loss of $1.2 million and $2.6 million and distribution expenses of $1.1 million and $3.2 million, respectively.

The following table details the Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 ($ in thousands):


	Amount
Balance at the beginning of the year	$	101,753
Distributions declared		3,224
Reclassification to distributions payable/paid		(3,224	)
Redemption value adjustment		2,613
Ending balance	$	104,366

The following table details the future payments due under the Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments as of September 30, 2024 ($ in thousands):


Year	Total(1)
2024 (remainder)	$	—
2025		104,366
2026		—
2027		—
2028		—
Thereafter		—
Total future payments	$	104,366

(1) Redemptions of Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments are subject to the share repurchase plan’s 2% monthly and 5% quarterly caps after satisfying repurchase requests from investors in the Offering.

Redemption features

See Note 3 “JPMIM mandatory Class E repurchases” for a discussion of the redemption features associated with Class E shares and Class E units held by JPMIM.

Distributions

The Company generally intends to distribute substantially all of its taxable income, which does not necessarily equal net income as calculated in accordance with GAAP, to its stockholders each year to comply with the REIT provisions of the Code. The Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments receive the same gross distribution per share as the Class E common stock. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, distributions declared on the Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments totaled $1.1 million and $3.2 million, respectively. When a distribution is declared, the Company records a distribution expense as a component of mandatorily redeemable instruments interest cost in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. A distribution payable is also recorded within accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets until the distribution is paid. The distribution payable for Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments was $0.4 million as of September 30, 2024.

14. Earnings Per Share

The Company's net loss and weighted-average number of shares outstanding for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 consists of the following ($ and shares in thousands):


	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Net loss attributable to JPMREIT stockholders	$	(2,653	)	$	(2,188	)	$	(7,858	)	$	(11,188	)
Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding, basic and diluted		18,655			9,488			16,448			6,860

The calculation of basic and diluted net loss per share amounts for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 consists of the following ($ and shares in thousands except per-share numbers):


	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Basic and Diluted Net Loss per Share Attributable to JPMREIT Stockholders
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to JPMREIT stockholders	$	(2,653	)	$	(2,188	)	$	(7,858	)	$	(11,188	)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding		18,655			9,488			16,448			6,860
Basic and diluted net loss per share of common stock	$	(0.14	)	$	(0.23	)	$	(0.48	)	$	(1.63	)

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, unvested Class E common shares awarded to the Company's independent directors are excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share as the inclusion of such potential common shares in the calculation would be anti-dilutive. There were no other potentially dilutive, unvested common shares for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

15. Segment Reporting

The Company operates in five reportable segments: multifamily, industrial, single-family rental, retail and investments in real estate debt, real estate-related and other securities. The Company allocates resources and evaluates results based on the performance of each segment individually. The Company believes that segment net operating income is the key performance metric that captures the unique operating characteristics of each segment.

The following table details the total assets by segment ($ in thousands):


Segment	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Multifamily	$	175,778	$	178,001
Industrial		94,572		96,066
Single-family rental		45,483		13,417
Retail		50,990		—
Investments in real estate debt, real estate-related and other securities		80,433		17,563
Other (corporate)		26,416		39,857
Total assets	$	473,672	$	344,904

The following table details the financial results by segment for the three months ended September 30, 2024 ($ in thousands):


	Multifamily			Industrial			Single-family rental			Retail			Investments in real estate debt, real estate-related and other securities			Total
Revenues
Rental revenue	$	3,815		$	1,393		$	236		$	1,409		$	—		$	6,853
Total revenues		3,815			1,393			236			1,409			—			6,853
Expenses
Rental property operating		1,947			231			616			525			—			3,319
Total expenses		1,947			231			616			525			—			3,319
Income from investments in real estate debt		—			—			—			—			1,524			1,524
Income from investments in real estate-related and other securities		—			—			—			—			7			7
Segment net operating income (loss)	$	1,868		$	1,162		$	(380	)	$	884		$	1,531		$	5,065
Depreciation and amortization	$	(1,116	)	$	(699	)	$	(348	)	$	(611	)	$	(5	)	$	(2,780	)
General and administrative																	(1,344	)
Mandatorily redeemable instruments interest costs																	(2,268	)
Interest expense																	(2,123	)
Other income, net																	768
Net loss																$	(2,682	)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests in consolidated joint ventures																	(29	)
Net loss attributable to JPMREIT stockholders																$	(2,653	)

The following table details the financial results by segment for the three months ended September 30, 2023 ($ in thousands):


	Multifamily			Industrial			Single-family rental		Retail		Investments in real estate debt, real estate-related and other securities			Total
Revenues
Rental revenue	$	3,613		$	1,161		$	—	$	—	$	—		$	4,774
Total revenues		3,613			1,161			—		—		—			4,774
Expenses
Rental property operating		1,334			134			—		—		—			1,468
Total expenses		1,334			134			—		—		—			1,468
Income from investment in real estate debt		—			—			—		—		447			447
Loss from investment in real estate-related and other securities		—			—			—		—		(318	)		(318	)
Segment net operating income	$	2,279		$	1,027		$	—	$	—	$	129		$	3,435
Depreciation and amortization	$	(1,081	)	$	(589	)	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	(1,674	)
General and administrative															(989	)
Mandatorily redeemable instruments interest costs															(1,376	)
Interest expense															(1,708	)
Other income, net															114
Net loss														$	(2,198	)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests in consolidated joint ventures															(10	)
Net loss attributable to JPMREIT stockholders														$	(2,188	)

The following table details the financial results by segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 ($ in thousands):


	Multifamily			Industrial			Single-family rental			Retail			Investments in real estate debt, real estate-related and other securities		Total
Revenues
Rental revenue	$	11,150		$	4,244		$	303		$	2,106		$	—	$	17,803
Total revenues		11,150			4,244			303			2,106			—		17,803
Expenses
Rental property operating		4,530			713			1,223			779			6		7,251
Total expenses		4,530			713			1,223			779			6		7,251
Income from investments in real estate debt		—			—			—			—			2,415		2,415
Income from investments in real estate-related and other securities		—			—			—			—			18		18
Segment net operating income (loss)	$	6,620		$	3,531		$	(920	)	$	1,327		$	2,427	$	12,985
Depreciation and amortization	$	(3,328	)	$	(2,097	)	$	(765	)	$	(874	)	$	—	$	(7,078	)
General and administrative																(3,583	)
Mandatorily redeemable instruments interest costs																(5,836	)
Interest expense																(5,510	)
Other income, net																1,118
Net loss															$	(7,904	)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests in consolidated joint ventures																(46	)
Net loss attributable to JPMREIT stockholders															$	(7,858	)

The following table details the financial results by segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 ($ in thousands):


	Multifamily			Industrial			Single-family rental		Retail		Investments in real estate debt, real estate-related and other securities			Total
Revenues
Rental revenue	$	10,926		$	1,708		$	—	$	—	$	—		$	12,634
Total revenues		10,926			1,708			—		—		—			12,634
Expenses
Rental property operating		3,690			136			—		—		—			3,826
Total expenses		3,690			136			—		—		—			3,826
Income from investment in real estate debt		—			—			—		—		1,287			1,287
Loss from investment in real estate-related and other securities		—			—			—		—		(366	)		(366	)
Segment net operating income	$	7,236		$	1,572		$	—	$	—	$	921		$	9,729
Depreciation and amortization	$	(5,281	)	$	(750	)	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	(6,044	)
General and administrative															(3,274	)
Mandatorily redeemable instruments interest costs															(6,045	)
Interest expense															(5,632	)
Other expense, net															(11	)
Net loss														$	(11,277	)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests in consolidated joint ventures															(89	)
Net loss attributable to JPMREIT stockholders														$	(11,188	)

16. Derivatives

The Company uses derivative financial instruments to minimize the risks and costs associated with the Company's investments and financing transactions. The Company has not designated any of its derivative financial instruments as hedges as defined under GAAP. Derivatives not designated as hedges are not speculative and are used to manage the Company's exposure to interest rate movements and other identified risks.

The use of derivative financial instruments involves certain risks, including the risk that counterparties do not perform as agreed. To mitigate this risk, the Company enters into derivative financial instruments with counterparties it believes to have appropriate credit ratings and that are major financial institutions with which the Company and its affiliates may also have other financial relationships.

Interest Rate Contracts

Certain of the Company's transactions expose the Company to interest rate risk on loans secured by the Company's real estate. The Company uses derivative financial instruments, which includes Treasury note futures contracts and interest rate swaps, to limit the Company's exposure to interest rate fluctuations.

The following table details the Company's outstanding Treasury note futures contracts that were non-designated hedges of interest rate risk (notional amount in thousands):

         
        September 30, 2024

        Treasury note futures contracts

        Number of Contracts

        Notional Amount

        Commencement Date

        Maturity Date

5-year Treasury note futures

193

19,300

August 22, 2024

December 31, 2024

2-year Treasury note futures

44

8,800

August 22, 2024

December 31, 2024

The following table details the Company’s outstanding interest rate swap that was a non-designated hedge of interest rate risk (notional amount in thousands):

         
        September 30, 2024

        Interest rate swap

        Number of Instruments

        Notional Amount

        Strike Rate

        Index

        Maturity (Years)

        Commencement Date

        Maturity Date

Interest rate swap

1

10,000

4.21%

SOFR

4.1

April 2, 2024

October 2, 2028

The following table details the fair value of the Company's derivative financial instruments ($ in thousands):


	Fair Value of Derivatives(1)
	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
5-year Treasury note futures	$	(71	)	$	20
2-year Treasury note futures		(17	)		2
Interest rate swap		(432	)		—

(1) The derivative asset balance as of December 31, 2023 is included in other assets, net on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. The derivative liability balance as of September 30, 2024 is included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recorded an unrealized loss related to changes in the fair value of its derivative financial instruments of $0.4 million and $0.9 million, respectively. Changes in fair value of the Company's derivative financial instruments are recorded within other income (expense), net on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recorded a realized gain of $0.8 million and $0.4 million related to sales of its derivative financial instruments. Realized gains (losses) from the sale of the Company’s derivative financial instruments are recorded within other income (expense), net on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

17. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

From time to time, the Company may be involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. As of September 30, 2024, the Company was not involved in any material legal proceedings.

18. Subsequent Events

The Company evaluated subsequent events through the issuance date of the financial statements, and determined that except as otherwise disclosed herein there were no additional material subsequent events requiring disclosure.

Transaction

On November 5, 2024, the Company acquired a strategically positioned two-site, three-building infill logistics and storage portfolio totaling 154,490 square feet located in Tampa and Pinellas Park, Florida. The properties are fully leased to a leading moving and storage company founded and headquartered in the Tampa area. The total purchase price was $25.8 million (exclusive of closing costs).

Capital raising and financing

As part of the Offering, subsequent to September 30, 2024 through November 8, 2024, the Company sold 50,106 Class D, 702,878 Class I and 309 Class S shares of common stock for net proceeds of $0.5 million, $7.3 million and $0.003 million respectively, which includes distributions reinvested in accordance with the distribution reinvestment plan.

As part of the private offerings, subsequent to September 30, 2024 through November 8, 2024, the Company issued 141,511 Class I, 3,628,654 Class E and 286,867 Class Y shares of common stock for net proceeds of $1.5 million, $39.6 million and $3.1 million, respectively, which includes distributions reinvested in accordance with the distribution reinvestment plan.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

References herein to the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” refer to J.P. Morgan Real Estate Income Trust, Inc. together with its consolidated subsidiaries, including J.P. Morgan REIT Operating Partnership, L.P. (the “Operating Partnership”), a Delaware limited partnership of which we are the general partner, unless the context specifically requires otherwise.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements about our business, including, in particular, statements about our plans, strategies and objectives. You can generally identify forward-looking statements by our use of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “believe,” “continue,” or other similar words. These statements include our plans and objectives for future operations, including plans and objectives relating to future growth and availability of funds, and are based on current expectations that involve numerous risks and uncertainties. Assumptions relating to these statements involve judgments with respect to, among other things, future economic, competitive and market conditions and future business decisions, all of which are difficult or impossible to accurately predict and many of which are beyond our control. Such forward-looking statements are inherently uncertain and there are or may be important factors that could cause actual outcomes or results to differ materially from those indicated in such statements. We believe these factors also include those described under the section entitled “Item IA. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, which is accessible on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. These factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with the other cautionary statements that are included in this document (or our prospectus and other filings). Except as otherwise required by federal securities laws, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.

Overview

We are a Maryland corporation formed on November 5, 2021. We were formed to invest primarily in stabilized, income-generating real properties. We are an externally advised, perpetual-life REIT formed to pursue the following investment objectives:

•

provide attractive current income in the form of regular, stable cash distributions;

•

preserve and protect invested capital;

•

realize appreciation in NAV from proactive investment management and asset management; and

•

provide an investment alternative for stockholders seeking to allocate a portion of their long-term investment portfolios to real estate.

We cannot assure you that we will achieve our investment objectives. In particular, we note that our NAV may be subject to volatility related to changes in the values of our assets.

We currently qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes and intend to continuously qualifiy as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. We own all or substantially all of our assets through the Operating Partnership, of which we are the sole general partner.

Our board of directors at all times has ultimate oversight and policymaking authority over us, including responsibility for governance, financial controls, compliance and disclosure. Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, however, we have delegated to the Adviser the authority to source, evaluate and monitor our investment opportunities and make decisions related to the acquisition, management, financing and disposition of our assets, in accordance with our investment objectives, guidelines, policies and limitations, subject to oversight by our board of directors.

The initial public offering of our common stock (the “Offering”) commenced on July 22, 2022. We acquired our first investment on September 2, 2022. In addition to the Offering, we are conducting several private offerings (together with the Offering, the “Offerings”).

We intend to contribute to the Operating Partnership the net proceeds from the Offering which are not used or retained to pay the fees and expenses attributable to our operations. The Operating Partnership will use the net proceeds received from us to make investments in accordance with our investment strategy and policies.

The number and type of properties or real estate-related and other investments that we acquire will depend upon real estate market conditions, the amount of proceeds we raise in the Offerings and other circumstances existing at the time we are acquiring such assets.

We are not aware of any material trends or uncertainties, favorable or unfavorable, other than national economic conditions affecting real estate generally, that may be reasonably anticipated to have a material impact on either capital resources or the revenues or income to be derived from acquiring properties, real estate debt and real estate-related or other securities.

Q3 2024 Highlights

Capital raising and distributions

•

Raised net proceeds of $23.2 million from the sale of shares of our common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2024.

•

Declared distributions totaling $3.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, including $1.1 million related to Class E shares and Class E units owned by the Adviser. The details of the average annualized distribution rates and total returns as of September 30, 2024 are shown in the following table:


	Class D	Class I	Class S	Class E	Class Y
Average annualized distribution rate(1)	4.34%	4.32%	3.33%	4.12%	3.32%
Year-to-date total return, without upfront selling commissions(2)	4.38%	4.45%	4.42%	5.85%	4.02%
Year-to-date total return, assuming maximum upfront selling commissions(2)	2.84%	4.45%	0.90%	5.85%	0.50%
Inception-to-date total return, without upfront selling commissions(2) (3)	6.05%	6.15%	2.65%	8.15%	4.02%
Inception-to-date total return, assuming maximum upfront selling commissions(2) (3)	5.16%	6.15%	-0.34%	8.15%	0.50%

(1) Average annualized distribution rate is calculated as the current month's distribution annualized and divided by the prior month's NAV, which is inclusive of all fees and expenses.

(2) Total return is calculated as the change in NAV per share during the respective period plus any distributions per share declared in the period and assumes any distributions are reinvested in accordance with our distribution reinvestment plan. Inception-to-date total return is annualized.

(3) The inception date was January 3, 2023 for Class D shares, November 1, 2023 for Class I shares, August 1, 2023 for Class S shares, August 1, 2022 for Class E shares and January 1, 2024 for Class Y shares.

Investing

•

Acquired the fifth and final tranche of a single-family rental residential community under development within the Sarasota, Florida metropolitan area for $6.5 million, inclusive of closing costs.

•

Closed on a $62.4 million commercial mortgage loan (the “Commercial Mortgage Loan”) to finance the acquisition of Satori West Ashley, a 297-unit multifamily property located in Charleston, South Carolina.

Financing

•

Entered into the Repurchase Facility (defined below) with a maximum aggregate purchase price of $150 million, of which $46.8 million was borrowed during the quarter to finance the origination of the Commercial Mortgage Loan.

Portfolio

The following chart outlines the percentage of our assets across investments in real estate, real estate debt and real estate-related and other securities based on fair value by category as of September 30, 2024:

(1) Real estate includes our direct property investments; real estate debt is the Mezzanine Loan and the Commercial Mortgage Loan; and real estate-related and other securities consists of our U.S. Treasury bills investment.

The following charts further describe the composition of our investments in real estate based on estimated fair value as of September 30, 2024:

Investments in real estate

As of September 30, 2024, we owned seven real estate properties which are summarized in the following table ($ in thousands):


Property type	Number of Properties		Sq. Ft. (in thousands)/Number of Units	Occupancy Rate(1)			Gross Asset Value(2)		Revenue(3)		Percent of Revenue
Multifamily		3	688 units		97	%	$	190,016	$	14,867		57	%
Single-family rental(4)		1	126 units		—	%		46,000		—		—	%
Industrial		2	560 sq. ft.		100	%		97,201		5,659		22	%
Retail		1	100 sq. ft.		100	%		54,100		5,652		22	%
Total		7					$	387,317	$	26,177		100	%

(1) Reflects real estate operating property investments only. Occupancy for our multifamily and single-family rental properties is measured monthly by dividing property market rent for occupied units by the gross market rent potential of all units. Gross market rent potential is the average monthly market rent of all units at the property. For our retail and industrial properties, occupancy represents the percentage of all leased square footage divided by the total available square footage as indicated. An operating property is an existing property that was purchased, regardless of current occupancy. For a newly developed property, operating is defined as reaching 60% occupancy or having been available for occupancy for a year from its certificate of occupancy.

(2) Based on fair value as of September 30, 2024.

(3) Revenue is calculated as annualized revenue inclusive of tenant recoveries, straight-line rent, above-market lease amortization and below-market lease amortization. As our single-family rental property is currently in lease-up, the property’s revenue has been excluded.

(4) The 126 Fiore townhomes are included as a single property.

The following table provides information regarding our real estate properties as of September 30, 2024:


Property Type and Investment	Number of Properties		Location(3)	Acquisition Date	Ownership Interest(1)			Sq. Feet (in thousands)/Number of Units		Occupancy(2)
Multifamily:
Caroline West Gray		1	Houston, TX	November 2022		95	%		275		96	%
Caroline Post Oak		1	Houston, TX	November 2022		95	%		238		95	%
Coda on Centre		1	Pittsburgh, PA	December 2022		100	%		175		99	%
Total multifamily		3							688
Single-family rental:
Fiore(4)		1	Sarasota, FL	December 2023 - September 2024		100	%		126		—	%
Total single-family rental		1							126
Industrial:
6200 Bristol		1	Philadelphia, PA	October 2022		100	%		424		100	%
Savannah Truck Terminal		1	Savannah, GA	July 2023		100	%		136		100	%
Total industrial		2							560
Retail:
Shops at Grand Avenue		1	Queens, NY	May 2024		95	%		100		100	%
Total retail		1							100

(1) Certain of the joint venture agreements entered into by us provide the other partner a profits interest based on certain internal rate of return hurdles being achieved. Such investments are consolidated by us and any profits interest due to the other partner will be reported within non-controlling interests in consolidated joint ventures on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(2) Reflects real estate operating property investments only. Occupancy for our multifamily properties is measured monthly by dividing property market rent for occupied units by the gross market rent potential of all units. Gross market rent potential is the average monthly market rent of all units at the property. For our retail and industrial investments, occupancy represents the percentage of all leased square footage divided by the total available square footage as indicated. An operating property is an existing property that was purchased, regardless of current occupancy. For a newly developed property, operating is defined as reaching 60% occupancy or having been available for occupancy for a year from its certificate of occupancy.

(3) Refers to the metropolitan statistical area.

(4) The 126 Fiore townhomes are included as a single property.

Lease expirations

The following table details the expiring leases at our retail and industrial properties by annualized base rent as of September 30, 2024 ($ in thousands). The table below excludes our multifamily and single-family rental properties as substantially all leases at such properties expire within 12 months:


	Industrial							Retail
Year	Number of Expiring Leases		Annualized Base Rent(1)		% of Total Annualized Based Rent Expiring			Number of Expiring Leases		Annualized Base Rent(1)		% of Total Annualized Based Rent Expiring
2024		—	$	—		0	%		—	$	—		0	%
2025		—		—		0	%		1		102		3	%
2026		—		—		0	%		—		—		0	%
2027		—		—		0	%		1		98		3	%
2028		—		—		0	%		3		612		17	%
2029		—		—		0	%		—		—		0	%
2030		1		3,972		80	%		1		237		7	%
2031		—		—		0	%		1		157		4	%
2032		—		—		0	%		—		—		0	%
2033		—		—		0	%		1		1,836		51	%
Thereafter		1		1,008		20	%		3		588		15	%
Total		2	$	4,980		100	%		11	$	3,630		100	%

(1) Annualized base rent is determined from the annualized straight-line rent due to expire in the year of lease expiration and excludes tenant recoveries, above-market lease amortization and below-market lease amortization.

Investments in real estate debt

The following table summarizes our investments in real estate debt as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 ($ in thousands):


						September 30, 2024				December 31, 2023
Real Estate Debt	Number of Positions		Credit Rating	Coupon	Maturity Date	Cost Basis		Fair Value		Cost Basis		Fair Value
Mezzanine Loan		1	Not Rated	SOFR(1) + 5.22%	September 9, 2025	$	16,825	$	16,825	$	16,825	$	16,825
Commercial Mortgage Loan		1	Not Rated	SOFR(1) + 2.65%	September 5, 2026		62,400		62,400		—		—
Total investments in real estate debt		2				$	79,225	$	79,225	$	16,825	$	16,825

(1) SOFR on September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was 4.85% and 5.35%, respectively.

Investments in real estate-related and other securities

The following table summarizes our investments in real estate-related and other securities as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 ($ in thousands):


			September 30, 2024						December 31, 2023
Real Estate-Related and Other Securities	Coupon	Maturity Date	Face Amount		Cost Basis		Fair Value		Face Amount		Cost Basis		Fair Value
U.S. Treasury(1)	N/A	March 14, 2024	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	420	$	409	$	416
U.S. Treasury(1)	N/A	October 29, 2024		480		472		478		—		—		—
Total real estate-related and other securities			$	480	$	472	$	478	$	420	$	409	$	416

(1) Includes $0.5 million of securities pledged as collateral related to the treasury note futures contracts.

Results of Operations

The following tables set forth information regarding our consolidated results of operations ($ in thousands, except per share data):


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						Change
	2024			2023			$
Revenues
Rental revenue	$	6,853		$	4,774		$	2,079
Total revenues		6,853			4,774			2,079
Expenses
Rental property operating		3,319			1,468			1,851
General and administrative		1,344			989			355
Depreciation and amortization		2,780			1,674			1,106
Total expenses		7,443			4,131			3,312
Other income (expense), net
Income from investments in real estate debt		1,524			447			1,077
Income (loss) from investments in real estate-related and other securities		7			(318	)		325
Mandatorily redeemable instruments interest costs		(2,268	)		(1,376	)		(892	)
Interest expense		(2,123	)		(1,708	)		(415	)
Other income, net		768			114			654
Total other expense, net		(2,092	)		(2,841	)		749
Net loss	$	(2,682	)	$	(2,198	)	$	(484	)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests in consolidated joint ventures		(29	)		(10	)		(19	)
Net loss attributable to JPMREIT stockholders	$	(2,653	)	$	(2,188	)	$	(465	)
Net loss per share of common stock – basic and diluted	$	(0.14	)	$	(0.23	)	$	0.08
Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding – basic and diluted		18,655			9,488			9,167


	For the Nine months Ended September 30,						Change
	2024			2023			$
Revenues
Rental revenue	$	17,803		$	12,634		$	5,169
Total revenues		17,803			12,634			5,169
Expenses
Rental property operating		7,251			3,826			3,425
General and administrative		3,583			3,274			309
Depreciation and amortization		7,078			6,044			1,034
Total expenses		17,912			13,144			4,768
Other income (expense), net
Income from investments in real estate debt		2,415			1,287			1,128
Income (loss) from investments in real estate-related and other securities		18			(366	)		384
Mandatorily redeemable instruments interest costs		(5,836	)		(6,045	)		209
Interest expense		(5,510	)		(5,632	)		122
Other income (expense), net		1,118			(11	)		1,129
Total other expense, net		(7,795	)		(10,767	)		2,972
Net loss	$	(7,904	)	$	(11,277	)	$	3,373
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests in consolidated joint ventures		(46	)		(89	)		43
Net loss attributable to JPMREIT stockholders	$	(7,858	)	$	(11,188	)	$	3,330
Net loss per share of common stock – basic and diluted	$	(0.48	)	$	(1.63	)	$	1.15
Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding - basic and diluted		16,448			6,860			9,588

Rental revenue

Due to our acquisitions of real estate since September 30, 2023, our rental revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023 are not comparable. Rental revenue primarily consists of base rent arising from tenant leases at our multifamily, single-family rental, industrial and retail properties. Rental revenue, aside from short-term leases generally less than one year in term, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease, including any fixed and measurable rent escalations and abatements.

Rental property operating expenses

Rental property operating expenses consist of the costs of ownership and operation of our real estate investments. Examples of rental property operating expenses include insurance, utilities, real estate taxes and repair and maintenance expenses. Rental property operating expenses also include general and administrative expenses unrelated to the operations of the properties. Due to our acquisitions of real estate since September 30, 2023, our rental property operating expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023 are not comparable.

General and administrative expenses

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, general and administrative expenses increased by $0.4 million and $0.3 million, respectively, in comparison to the corresponding periods in 2023. The increase in general and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily driven by an increase in management fees of $0.2 million and an increase in accrued performance participation allocation of $0.2 million. The increase in general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily driven by an increase in management fees of $0.5 million and an increase in accrued performance participation allocation of $0.4 million, partially offset by a decrease in general corporate costs, such as professional fees, legal fees and insurance premiums, of $0.5 million.

Depreciation and amortization expenses

Depreciation and amortization expenses are impacted by the fair values assigned to buildings, personal property and in-place lease assets as part of the initial purchase price allocation. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, depreciation and amortization expense increased by $1.1 million and decreased by $1.0 million, respectively, in comparison to the corresponding periods in 2023. Depreciation expense increased as compared to the corresponding periods in 2023 due to our acquisitions of real estate since September 30, 2023. Amortization expense decreased as compared to the corresponding periods in 2023 due to in-place lease intangibles recorded as part of the purchase price allocation for properties acquired during the year ended December 31, 2022 fully amortizing during the year ended December 31, 2023, offset by the amortization of in-place lease intangibles acquired as part of an acquisition we made in May 2024.

Mandatorily redeemable instruments interest costs

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, costs related to our Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments increased by $0.9 million and decreased by $0.2 million in comparison to the corresponding periods in 2023. The increase in mandatorily redeemable instruments interest costs for the three months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023 was due to an increase in allocation of appreciation of $0.8 million relating to the redemption value adjustment of the Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments and an increase in distribution expense of $0.1 million. The decrease in mandatorily redeemable instruments interest costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was due to a decrease in allocation of appreciation of $1.5 million offset by an increase in distribution expense of $1.3 million.

Interest expense

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, interest expense increased by $0.4 million and decreased by $0.1 million in comparison to the corresponding periods in 2023. Interest expense primarily consists of interest expense incurred on our mortgage notes, Credit Facility and Repurchase Facility. The change in interest expense was primarily attributable to a decrease in interest expense relating to our Credit Facility and a decrease in the amortization of deferred financing costs, offset by an increase in interest expense relating to new mortgage notes and new borrowings under the Repurchase Facility.

Other income (expense), net

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, other income (expense), net increased by $0.7 million and $1.1 million in comparison to the corresponding periods in 2023. The change in other income (expense), net for the three months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily attributable to an increase in realized gains on treasury futures of $0.8 million, partially offset by an increase in unrealized losses of $0.2 million. The increase in other income (expense), net for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily due to an increase in interest income of $1.2 million, a decrease in dead deal costs of $0.2 million and an increase in realized gains on treasury futures of $0.4 million, partially offset by unrealized losses of $0.7 million on our derivatives.

Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests in consolidated joint ventures

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, net loss attributable to non-controlling interests in consolidated joint ventures increased by $0.02 million and decreased by $0.04 million in comparison to the corresponding periods in 2023. Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest in consolidated joint ventures was due to the 5% non-controlling interest in the Caroline West Gray, Caroline Post Oak and Shops at Grand Avenue properties held by our joint venture partner.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary needs for liquidity and capital resources are to fund our investments, to make distributions to our stockholders, to repurchase shares of our common stock pursuant to our share repurchase plan, to pay our offering and operating fees and expenses and to pay interest on any outstanding indebtedness we may incur. Our offering and operating fees and expenses include the management fee we will pay to the Adviser, the performance participation allocation that the Operating Partnership will pay to the Special Limited Partner, stockholder servicing fees we pay to the Dealer Manager, legal, audit, tax and valuation expenses, federal and state filing fees, printing expenses, administrative fees, transfer agent fees, marketing and distribution expenses and fees related to acquiring, financing, appraising and managing our properties. We do not have any office or personnel expenses as we do not have any employees.

The Adviser advanced our organization and offering expenses (other than upfront selling commissions, dealer manager fees and stockholder servicing fees) on our behalf through July 22, 2024, which marked the second anniversary of the commencement of the Offering. We began reimbursing the Adviser for such advanced expenses ratably over the 60 months following such date. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company reimbursed $0.3 million to the Adviser. We accrued approximately $7.2 million and $6.7 million of organization and offering expenses payable to the Adviser which are included in due to affiliate on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. In addition, the Adviser will advance on our behalf certain of our operating expenses through the earlier of (i) the first date that our NAV reaches $500 million and (ii) December 31, 2024 at which point we will reimburse the Adviser for all such advanced expenses ratably over the 60 months following such date. The Adviser advanced, and we accrued, approximately $10.6 million and $7.9 million of operating expenses which are included in due to affiliate on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

We elected to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Code, effective January 1, 2023. In order to maintain our qualification as a REIT, we are required to, among other things, distribute as dividends at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends-paid deduction and excluding net capital gains, to our stockholders and meet certain tests regarding the nature of our income and assets.

On November 15, 2021, we were capitalized with a $0.2 million investment by the Adviser in exchange for 20,000 shares of our Class E common stock. The Adviser has agreed to not sell, transfer or dispose of the shares to any party other than an affiliate of the Adviser for so long as the Adviser or its affiliate performs an advisory function for us.

Pursuant to a private offering whose commitments have been fully called, as of September 30, 2024, we had sold $67.9 million in Class E shares and $94.2 million in Class E units, including 0.5 million Class E shares and 9.0 million Class E units purchased by JPMIM. In addition, as of September 30, 2024, we had sold $3.3 million in Class E shares to employees of the Adviser.

Over time, we generally intend to fund our cash needs for items other than asset acquisitions from operations. Our cash needs for acquisitions will be funded primarily from the sale of shares of our common stock and through the assumption or incurrence of secured or unsecured financings from banks or other lenders and proceeds from the sales of assets. If necessary, we may use financings or other sources of capital in the event of unforeseen significant capital expenditures.

If we are unable to raise substantial funds, we will make fewer investments, resulting in less diversification in terms of the type, number and size of investments we make and the value of an investment in us will fluctuate with the performance of the specific assets we acquire. Further, we have certain fixed operating expenses, including certain expenses as a publicly offered REIT, regardless of whether we are able to raise substantial funds. Our inability to raise substantial funds would increase our fixed operating expenses as a percentage of gross income, reducing our net income and limiting our ability to make distributions.

On August 31, 2022, we entered into a credit agreement (the "Credit Facility") with U.S. Bank National Association. The Credit Facility provided for aggregate commitments of up to $65 million for secured revolving loans and letter of credit issuances, with an accordion feature pursuant to which the Operating Partnership may increase the aggregate commitments up to $150 million, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. The Credit Facility may be used to fund acquisitions, to repurchase shares pursuant to our share repurchase plan or for any other corporate purpose. Funds available under the Credit Facility may be reduced at any given time if we use borrowings under the Credit Facility to fund share repurchases, distributions, investments, or for other corporate purposes. We amended the Credit Facility on August 25, 2023 to (i) extend the maturity date to August 29, 2024, (ii) decrease the aggregate commitments from up to $65 million to up to $8 million and (iii) increase the applicable margin to 2.45%.

Effective March 12, 2024, we executed and delivered a Facility Reduction Request (the "Facility Reduction Request") requesting a decrease in the maximum commitments of the Credit Facility to $0.0 million. The delivery of the Facility Reduction Request permanently reduced the aggregate commitments available under the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility terminated at maturity on August 29, 2024.

On April 2, 2024, a wholly owned subsidiary of ours closed on a five year, $10.0 million loan secured by 6200 Bristol. The loan carries an interest rate of SOFR plus 2.05%. In conjunction with the loan transaction, we entered into an interest rate swap which fixed the interest rate at 6.26%.

The following table is a summary of our mortgage note indebtedness as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 ($ in thousands):


					Principal Balance Outstanding
Indebtedness	Interest Rate			Maturity Date	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
Caroline West Gray		5.44	%	12/1/2029	$	45,911		$	45,911
Caroline Post Oak		5.44	%	12/1/2029		40,528			40,528
Coda on Centre		4.28	%	5/1/2029		28,528			28,907
6200 Bristol(1)	SOFR + 2.05%			4/1/2029		10,000			—
Total loans secured by real estate						124,967			115,346
Deferred financing costs, net						(1,203	)		(1,030	)
Mortgage discount, net						(637	)		(739	)
Mortgage notes, net					$	123,127		$	113,577

(1) We entered into a non-hedge interest rate swap on April 2, 2024, which fixed the rate at 6.26%.

On August 22, 2024, certain of our indirect subsidiaries (the “Sellers”) entered into a Master Repurchase Agreement (the “Repurchase Facility”) with U.S. Bank National Association (the “Buyer”). The Repurchase Facility provides for a maximum aggregate purchase price of $150 million and has a three-year term plus two, one-year extension options. Subject to the terms and conditions thereof, the Repurchase Facility provides for the purchase, sale and repurchase of senior mortgage loans and participation interests in performing senior mortgage loans satisfying certain conditions set forth in the Repurchase Facility.

Borrowings under the Repurchase Facility as of September 30, 2024 are detailed in the following table ($ in thousands):


	Maximum Facility Size		Borrowings Outstanding			Interest Rate	Maturity Date
Repurchase Agreement	$	150,000	$	46,800		SOFR(1) + 1.80%	8/22/2027
Less: Unamortized deferred financing costs				(470	)
	$	150,000	$	46,330

(1) SOFR at September 30, 2024 was 4.85%.

Cash Flows

The following table provides a breakdown of the net change in our cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash ($ in thousands):


	For the Nine Months Ended			For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2024			September 30, 2023
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	4,349		$	922
Net cash used in investing activities		(133,095	)		(70,600	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		126,155			87,688
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	$	(2,591	)	$	18,010

Cash flows provided by operating activities increased by $3.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the corresponding period in 2023 primarily due to a decrease of $3.4 million in our net loss as a result of the growth of our portfolio.

Cash flows used in investing activities increased by $62.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the corresponding period in 2023 primarily due to the origination of the Commercial Mortgage Loan.

Cash flows provided by financing activities increased by $38.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the corresponding period in 2023 primarily due to a decrease in repayments of the Credit Facility of $40.2 million, an increase in net proceeds from mortgage notes and the Repurchase Facility of $10.0 million and $46.8 million, respectively, partially offset by a decrease in proceeds from the issuance of mandatorily redeemable instruments of $47.2 million, a decrease in proceeds from common stock of $8.9 million, an increase in distributions of $2.0 million and an increase in the repurchase of common stock of $0.4 million.

Distributions

We generally intend to distribute substantially all of our taxable income, which does not necessarily equal net income as calculated in accordance with GAAP, to our stockholders each year to comply with the REIT provisions of the Code. Each class of common stock receives the same gross distribution per share. The net distribution varies for each class based on the applicable stockholder servicing fee, which is deducted from the monthly distribution per share.

The following tables detail the aggregate distributions declared for each applicable class of common stock:


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
	Class D		Class I		Class S			Class T		Class E		Class X		Class Y
Aggregate gross distributions declared per share of common stock	$	0.1125	$	0.1125	$	0.1125		$	—	$	0.1125	$	—	$	0.1125
Stockholder servicing fee per share of common stock(1)		—		—		(0.0229	)		—		—		—		(0.0231	)
Net distributions declared per share of common stock	$	0.1125	$	0.1125	$	0.0896		$	—	$	0.1125	$	—	$	0.0894


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
	Class D		Class I		Class S			Class T		Class E		Class X		Class Y
Aggregate gross distributions declared per share of common stock	$	0.3375	$	0.3375	$	0.3375		$	—	$	0.3375	$	—	$	0.3375
Stockholder servicing fee per share of common stock(1)		—		—		(0.0681	)		—		—		—		(0.0686	)
Net distributions declared per share of common stock	$	0.3375	$	0.3375	$	0.2694		$	—	$	0.3375	$	—	$	0.2689

(1) Stockholder servicing fees only apply to Class D, Class S, Class T and Class Y shares. For purposes of NAV, we recognize the stockholder servicing fee as a reduction of NAV on a monthly basis as such fee is paid. Under GAAP, we accrue the lifetime cost of the stockholder servicing fee as an offering cost at the time Class D, Class S, Class T and Class Y shares are sold. The stockholder servicing fee on Class D shares was waived as of September 30, 2024, and the NAV attributable to current holders of Class D shares will not be included in the computation of stockholder servicing fees charged on Class D shares in perpetuity. As of September 30, 2024, we had accrued stockholder servicing fees of $1.0 million.

The following tables summarize our distributions paid on our shares of common stock ($ in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
	Amount		Percentage
Distributions
Paid in cash	$	1,245		62	%
Reinvested in shares		751		38	%
Total distributions	$	1,996		100	%
Source of Distributions
Cash flows from operating activities	$	1,996		100	%
Total sources of distributions	$	1,996		100	%
Cash flows from operating activities	$	3,049


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
	Amount		Percentage
Distributions
Paid in cash	$	3,504		67	%
Reinvested in shares		1,746		33	%
Total distributions	$	5,250		100	%
Source of Distributions
Cash flows from operating activities	$	4,349		83	%
Offering proceeds(1)		901		17	%
Total sources of distributions	$	5,250		100	%
Cash flows from operating activities(2)	$	4,349

(1) Includes proceeds from the sale of common stock and units in the Operating Partnership.

(2) Proceeds from our offerings and cash flows from operating activities were used to pay distributions for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

In addition to the distributions paid on our common stock, we paid $1.1 million and $3.2 million for Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. Such amounts are recorded in mandatorily redeemable instruments interest costs on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, respectively.

Net Asset Value

Our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, has adopted valuation guidelines that contain a comprehensive set of methodologies to be used by the Adviser and our independent valuation advisor in connection with estimating the values of our assets and liabilities for purposes of our NAV calculation. The overarching principle of these guidelines is to produce a valuation that represents a fair and accurate estimate of the value of our investments or the price that would be received for our investments in an arm’s-length transaction between a willing buyer and a willing seller in possession of all material information about our investments. These valuation guidelines are largely based upon standard industry practices used by private, open-end real estate funds and other public, non-listed REITs, and are administered by the Adviser.

As a public company, we are required to issue financial statements based on historical cost in accordance with GAAP, which are subject to an independent audit. To calculate our NAV for purposes of establishing a purchase and repurchase price for our shares, we have adopted a model, as explained below, that adjusts the value of our assets from historical cost to fair value in accordance with the GAAP principles set forth in FASB Accounting Standards Codification Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures. However, our valuation procedures and our NAV are not subject to GAAP and are not subject to independent audit. Our NAV may differ from equity reflected on our audited financial statements, even if we are required to adopt a fair value basis of accounting for GAAP financial statement purposes in the future. Because these fair value calculations involve significant professional judgment in the application of both observable and unobservable attributes, the calculated fair value of our assets may differ from their actual realizable value or future fair value. While we believe our NAV calculation methodologies are consistent with standard industry practices, there is no rule or regulation that requires that we calculate NAV in a certain way. As a result, other public, non-listed REITs may use different methodologies or assumptions to determine NAV.

The following valuation methods are used for purposes of calculating our NAV:

•

Investments in real property are valued by our independent valuation advisor, and independent third-party appraisal firms using the income approach’s discounted cash flow method. The discounted cash flow method takes into consideration all contractual rent payments over the life of the lease term offset by any capitalized expenditures. Our independent valuation advisor and independent third-party appraisers may supplement the discounted cash flow analysis with a sales comparison approach and the income approach’s direct capitalization method, but typically reconcile exclusively to the discounted cash flow method.

•

Investments in real estate debt are valued by an independent debt valuation services firm using the discounted cash flow method. Our independent debt valuation services firm calculates the fair value of loans by considering all relevant calculations and scenarios that a market participant would consider in evaluating the financial instrument. Most loans held as an investment are valued by discounting debt service cash flows using a market yield.

•

Investments in real estate-related and other securities consists of an investment in U.S. Treasury bills. We classify real estate-related and other securities as trading securities which the Adviser generally values on the basis of publicly available market quotations or at fair value determined in accordance with GAAP. We generally determine the fair value of our investments in real estate-related and other securities by utilizing third-party service providers whenever available.

•

Liabilities include the fees payable to the Adviser and the Dealer Manager, accounts payable, accrued operating expenses, property-level mortgages, the Repurchase Facility, any portfolio-level credit facilities and other liabilities, where applicable. Other than property-level mortgages and the Repurchase Facility, we include the cost basis of our liabilities as part of NAV, which approximates fair value. These carrying amounts are meant to reasonably approximate fair value due to the liquid and short-term nature of the instruments. We include as part of NAV the fair value of our property-level mortgages and Repurchase Facility, which are valued monthly by an independent valuation services firm. For most loans valued from the borrower’s perspective, our independent debt valuation services firm utilizes a discounted cash flow analysis in evaluating its fair value conclusions. Additional inputs or adjustments to fair value conclusions may be applicable based on observations of market participant behavior.

At the beginning of each calendar year, the Adviser develops a valuation plan with the objective of having each of our operating properties appraised each quarter, except for newly acquired properties as described below. Each operating property is appraised by an independent third-party appraisal firm other than our independent valuation advisor at least annually, and our independent valuation advisor performs the appraisal for each property that is not subject to such an independent third-party appraisal during any given fiscal quarter for each of the other three fiscal quarters. Our independent valuation advisor and the other independent third-party appraisal firms will take into account customary and accepted financial and commercial procedures and considerations as they deem relevant, which may include, the review of documents, materials and information relevant to valuing the property that are provided by the Adviser, such as (i) historical or forecasted operating revenues and expenses of the property; (ii) lease agreements on the property; (iii) the revenues and expenses of the property; (iv) information regarding recent or planned estimated capital expenditures; and (v) any other information relevant to valuing the real estate property. Appraisals are performed in accordance with the Code of Ethics and the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practices, the real estate appraisal industry standards created by The Appraisal Foundation, or the similar industry standard for the country where the property appraisal is conducted. Each appraisal must be reviewed, approved and signed by an individual with the professional designation of MAI (Member of the Appraisal Institute) or similar designation or, for international appraisals, a public or other certified expert for real estate valuations. Upon conclusion of the appraisal, our independent valuation advisor or the independent third-party appraisal firm prepares a written report with an estimated gross fair value of the property. Any appraisal provided by a firm other than our independent valuation advisor is performed in accordance with our valuation guidelines and is not considered in the Adviser’s valuation of the applicable property until our independent valuation advisor has confirmed the reasonableness of such appraisal.

In accordance with the valuation guidelines, our fund administrator calculates our NAV per share for each class of our common stock as of the last calendar day of each month, using a process that reflects several components (each as described above), including the estimated fair value of (1) each of our properties based upon individual appraisal reports provided quarterly by third-party independent valuation firms or our independent valuation advisor, (2) our real estate-related assets for which third-party market quotes are available, (3) our other real estate-related assets, if any, and (4) our other assets and liabilities. The NAV per share for the share classes we are offering to the public may differ because stockholder servicing fees, management fees and the performance participation allocable to a specific class of shares are only included in the NAV calculation for that class.

At the end of each month, before taking into consideration additional issuances of shares of capital stock, share repurchases or class-specific expense accruals for that month, any change in our aggregate NAV (whether an increase or decrease) is allocated among each class of shares based on each class’s relative percentage of the previous aggregate NAV plus issuances of shares that were effective on the first calendar day of such month. The NAV calculation is available generally within 15 calendar days after the end of the applicable month. Changes in our monthly NAV include accruals of our net portfolio income, interest expense, the management fee, any accrued performance participation, distributions, unrealized/realized gains and losses on assets, any applicable organization and offering costs and any expense reimbursements. Changes in our monthly NAV also include material non-recurring events, such as capital expenditures and material property acquisitions and dispositions occurring during the month. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Adviser may in its discretion consider material market data and other information that becomes available after the end of the applicable month in valuing our assets and liabilities and calculating our NAV for a particular month. On an ongoing basis, the Adviser will adjust the accruals to reflect actual operating results and the outstanding receivable, payable and other account balances resulting from the accumulation of monthly accruals for which financial information is available.

The Adviser advanced our organization and offering expenses on our behalf (other than upfront selling commissions, dealer manager fees and stockholder servicing fees) through July 22, 2024, which marked the second anniversary of the commencement of the Offering. On such date, we began reimbursing the Adviser for all such advanced costs ratably over a period that will continue until 60 months following such date. For purposes of calculating our NAV, the organization and offering expenses paid by the Adviser through July 22, 2024 will not be recognized as expenses, or as a component of equity and reflected in our NAV, until we reimburse the Adviser for these expenses. In addition, the operating expenses paid by the Adviser through the earlier of (i) the first date that our NAV reaches $500 million and (ii) December 31, 2024 will not be recognized as expenses and reflected in our NAV, until we reimburse the Adviser for these expenses.

Following the aggregation of the net asset values of our investments, the addition of any other assets (such as cash on hand) and the deduction of any other liabilities, our fund administrator incorporates any class-specific adjustments to our NAV, including additional issuances and repurchases of our common stock and accruals of class-specific stockholder servicing fees, management fees and any accrued performance participation. For each applicable class of shares, each of the stockholder servicing fee and the management fee is calculated as a percentage of the aggregate NAV for such class of shares. At the close of business on the record date for any declared distribution, our NAV for each class will be reduced to reflect the accrual of our liability to pay any distribution to our stockholders of record of such class. NAV per share for each class is calculated by dividing such class’s NAV at the end of each month by the number of shares outstanding for that class at the end of such month.

We calculate NAV per share in accordance with the valuation guidelines that have been approved by our board of directors. We believe our NAV is a meaningful supplemental non-GAAP operating metric. The following table provides a breakdown of the major components of our NAV as of September 30, 2024 ($ and shares in thousands):


Components of NAV	September 30, 2024
Investments in real estate	$	387,317
Investments in real estate debt		79,225
Investments in real estate-related and other securities		478
Cash and cash equivalents		29,822
Restricted cash		270
Other assets		1,436
Debt obligations		(171,826	)
Other liabilities		(6,219	)
Accrued performance participation allocation		(592	)
Stockholder servicing fees payable the following month(1)		(10	)
Non-controlling interests in joint ventures		(7,535	)
JPMIM mandatorily redeemable instruments(2)		(104,366	)
Net asset value	$	208,000
Number of outstanding shares		19,525

(1) Stockholder servicing fees only apply to Class D, Class S, Class T and Class Y shares. For purposes of NAV, we recognize the stockholder servicing fee as a reduction to our NAV on a monthly basis as such fee is paid. Under GAAP, we accrue the lifetime cost of the stockholder servicing fee as an offering cost at the time we sell Class D, Class S, Class T and Class Y shares. The stockholder servicing fee on Class D shares was waived as of September 30, 2024, and the NAV attributable to current holders of Class D shares will not be included in the computation of stockholder servicing fees charged on Class D shares in perpetuity. As of September 30, 2024, we had accrued under GAAP $1.0 million of stockholder servicing fees.

(2) Represents Class E shares and Class E units in the Operating Partnership held by the Adviser that are mandatorily redeemable and only subject to delays to the continuous obligation to ultimately redeem the Class E shares and units once sufficient availability exists under the share repurchase agreements. Therefore, the Class E shares and Class E units held by JPMIM are classified as a liability pursuant to Topic 480 — Distinguishing Liabilities From Equity and are presented as mandatorily redeemable instruments at the initial funding amount received, which is equivalent to fair value at the issuance dates. Subsequently, the Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments are carried at their cash redemption value as if the shares and units were repurchased or redeemable at the reporting date, which equals NAV per Class E share and Class E unit of $10.93.

The following table provides a breakdown of our total NAV and NAV per share by share class as of September 30, 2024 ($ and shares in thousands except per-share data):


NAV Per Share	Class D Shares		Class I Shares		Class S Shares		Class T Shares		Class E Shares		Class X Shares		Class Y Shares		Total
Net asset value attributable to common stockholders	$	9,572	$	92,594	$	602	$	—	$	91,069	$	—	$	14,163	$	208,000
Number of outstanding shares		925		8,905		56		—		8,335		—		1,304		19,525
NAV Per Share	$	10.35	$	10.40	$	10.79	$	—	$	10.93	$	—	$	10.86

Set forth below are the weighted averages of the key assumptions in the discounted cash flow methodology used in the September 30, 2024 valuations, based on property types. Once we own more than one single-family rental and one retail property, we will include the key assumptions for such property types.


Property Type	Discount Rate			Exit Capitalization Rate
Multifamily		6.94	%		5.50	%
Industrial		7.40	%		5.85	%

These assumptions are determined by our independent valuation advisor and reviewed by the Adviser. A change in these assumptions would impact the calculation of the values of our property investments. For example, assuming all other factors remain unchanged, the changes listed below would result in the following effects on our investment values:


Input	Hypothetical Change	Industrial Investment Values			Multifamily Investment Values
Discount Rate	0.25% decrease		2.06	%		1.84	%
(Weighted average)	0.25% increase		(1.95	)%		(1.90	)%
Exit Capitalization Rate	0.25% decrease		2.78	%		2.85	%
(Weighted average)	0.25% increase		(2.47	)%		(2.69	)%

The following table reconciles stockholders’ equity per our Consolidated Balance Sheets to our NAV as of September 30, 2024 ($ in thousands):


Reconciliation of Stockholders’ Equity to NAV	September 30, 2024
Stockholders’ equity under GAAP	$	166,870
Adjustments:
Organization, offering costs and operating expenses(1)		13,071
Accrued stockholder servicing fees(2)		958
Unrealized real estate and borrowings appreciation, net(3)		11,036
Accumulated depreciation and amortization(4)		16,828
Straight-line rent receivable(5)		(763	)
NAV	$	208,000

(1) The Adviser advanced our organization and offering expenses on our behalf (other than upfront selling commissions and stockholder servicing fees) through July 22, 2024, which marked the second anniversary of the commencement of the Offering. On such date, we began reimbursing the Adviser for all such advanced costs ratably over a period that will continue until 60 months following such date. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company reimbursed $0.3 million to the Adviser. In addition, the Adviser has agreed to advance on our behalf certain of our operating expenses through the earlier of (i) the first date that our NAV reaches $500 million and (ii) December 31, 2024 at which point we will reimburse the Adviser for all such advanced expenses ratably over the 60 months following such date. Under GAAP, organization costs are expensed as incurred and offering costs are charged to equity as such amounts are incurred. For the purposes of calculating NAV, such costs will be recognized as a reduction to NAV as they are reimbursed ratably over the respective 60-month reimbursement periods.

(2) Stockholder servicing fees only apply to Class D, Class S, Class T and Class Y shares. For purposes of NAV, we recognize the stockholder servicing fee as a reduction to our NAV on a monthly basis as such fee is paid. Under GAAP, we accrue the lifetime cost of the stockholder servicing fee as an offering cost at the time we sell Class D, Class S, Class T and Class Y shares. The stockholder servicing fee on Class D shares was waived as of September 30, 2024, and the NAV attributable to current holders of Class D shares will not be included in the computation of stockholder servicing fees charged on Class D shares in perpetuity.

(3) Our investments in real estate are presented at historical cost in our GAAP consolidated financial statements. Additionally, our mortgage notes and the Repurchase Facility ("Borrowings") are presented at their carrying values in our consolidated financial statements. As such, any changes in the fair market values of our investments in real estate or our Borrowings are not included in our GAAP results. For purposes of determining our NAV, our investments in real estate and our Borrowings are recorded at fair value.

(4) In accordance with GAAP, we depreciate our investments in real estate and amortize certain other assets and liabilities. Such depreciation and amortization is not recorded for purposes of determining our NAV.

(5) We record straight-line rent in accordance with GAAP. Any resulting straight-line rent receivable or liability is excluded for purposes of determining our NAV.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of the financial statements in accordance with GAAP involves significant judgments and assumptions and requires estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain. These judgments will affect our reported amounts of assets and liabilities and our disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. With different estimates or assumptions, materially different amounts could be reported in our financial statements.

Purchase price allocation of acquired investments in real estate

Upon the acquisition of a property, we assess the fair value of acquired tangible and intangible assets and liabilities (including land, buildings, tenant improvements, above-market and below-market leases, acquired in-place leases, other identified intangible assets and assumed liabilities) and allocate the purchase price to the acquired assets and assumed liabilities on a relative fair value basis in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. All expenses related to the acquisition are capitalized and allocated among the identified assets. Generally, the most significant portion of the allocation is to the building and land and requires the use of market-based estimates and assumptions.

We assess and consider fair value based on estimated cash flow projections that utilize appropriate discount and/or capitalization rates, as well as other available market information. Estimates of future cash flows are based on a number of factors, including the historical operating results, known and anticipated trends, and market and economic conditions. The fair value of the tangible assets of an acquired property considers the value of the property as if it were vacant.

Acquired above-market and below-market leases are recorded at their fair values (using a discount rate which reflects the risks associated with the leases acquired) equal to the difference between (1) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to each in-place lease and (2) management’s estimate of fair market lease rates for each corresponding in-place lease, measured over a period equal to the remaining term of the lease for above-market leases and the initial term plus the term of any below-market fixed-rate renewal options for below-market leases. Other intangible assets acquired include amounts for in place lease values that are based on our evaluation of the specific characteristics of each tenant’s lease. Factors to be considered include estimates of carrying costs during hypothetical expected lease-up periods considering current market conditions, and costs to execute similar leases. In estimating carrying costs, we include real estate taxes, insurance and other operating expenses and estimates of lost rentals at market rates during the expected lease-up periods, depending on local market conditions. In estimating costs to execute similar leases, we consider leasing commissions, legal and other related expenses. A change in any of the assumptions above, which are subjective, could have a material impact on our results of operations.

The allocation of the purchase price directly affects the following in our consolidated financial statements:

•

the amount of purchase price allocated to the various tangible and intangible assets and liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets;

•

the amounts allocated to above-market and below-market leases are amortized to rental income over the remaining non-cancelable terms of the respective leases. The amounts allocated to all other tangible and intangible assets are amortized to depreciation or amortization expense. Thus, depending on the amounts allocated between land and depreciable assets, changes in the purchase price allocation among our assets could have a material impact on our net income; and

•

the period of time over which tangible and intangible assets are depreciated varies greatly, and thus, changes in the amounts allocated to these assets will have a direct impact on our results of operations. Intangible assets are generally amortized over the respective lives of the leases. Also, we depreciate our buildings over a maximum of 40 years, but do not depreciate our land. These differences in timing could have a material impact on our results of operations.

Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments

We report our Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments as a liability on our Consolidated Balance Sheets at JPMIM’s cash redemption value. JPMIM’s cash redemption value is determined based on our NAV per Class E share or Class E unit as of our balance sheet date. For purposes of determining our NAV, our investments in real estate are recorded at fair value based on independent third-party valuations prepared by licensed appraisers in accordance with standard industry practice or in the case of real estate-related and other securities using readily available actively quoted prices.

These fair value estimates of our investments in real estate are particularly important as they are used for the calculation of NAV, which determines the adjustment to the carrying value of our Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments. Significant differences in the fair value of our Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments may result from changes in market conditions that cause our NAV, and thus JPMIM’s redemption value, to increase or decrease during the period which is recorded as a component of mandatorily redeemable instruments interest costs on our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Investments in real estate debt

Our investments in real estate debt consist of investments in the Mezzanine Loan and the Commercial Mortgage Loan. Our investments in real estate debt are carried at fair value as we elected the fair value option. Investments with readily available, actively quoted prices or for which fair value can be measured from actively quoted prices generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value.

Our real estate debt investments are unlikely to have readily available market quotations. As such, we determine fair value by utilizing or reviewing certain of the following (i) market yield data, (ii) discounted cash flow modeling, (iii) collateral asset performance, (iv) local or macro real estate performance, (v) capital market conditions, (vi) debt yield or loan-to-value ratios and (vii) borrower financial condition and performance. We classify these investments as Level 3 within the valuation hierarchy. Judgments used to determine the fair values of Level 3 instruments are more significant than those required when determining the fair value of instruments classified as Level 1 or 2 due to the inherent uncertainty of the estimates and judgments used. These values may differ materially from the values that would have been used had a ready market for these investments existed. External factors may cause those values and the values of those investments for which readily observable inputs exist, to increase or decrease over time, impacting the value of our investment which is recorded in income from investments in real estate debt on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Contractual Obligations

The following table aggregates our contractual obligations and commitments with payments due subsequent to September 30, 2024 ($ in thousands):


Obligations	Total		Less than 1 year		1-3 years		3-5 years		More than 5 years
Mortgage notes(1)	$	158,482	$	7,160	$	14,319	$	49,376	$	87,628
Repurchase Facility(1)		56,230		3,167		53,063		—		—
Organizational, offering and operating costs		17,863		3,095		7,252		6,985		531
Mandatorily redeemable instruments(2)		104,366		—		104,366		—		—
Total	$	336,941	$	13,422	$	179,000	$	56,361	$	88,159

(1) The allocation of our mortgage notes includes both principal and interest payments.

(2) We will be required to repurchase Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments owned by JPMIM starting at the earliest of (i) the first date that our NAV reaches $1.5 billion or (ii) July 22, 2025, three years from the commencement of the Offering. See Note 13 — “Mandatorily Redeemable Instruments” to our consolidated financial statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Interest rate risk

We are exposed to interest rate risk with respect to our variable-rate indebtedness, where an increase in interest rates would directly result in higher interest expense costs. We may seek to manage or mitigate our exposure to interest risk through interest rate protection agreements to fix or cap a portion of our variable rate debt. As of September 30, 2024, the outstanding principal balance of our variable rate indebtedness was $56.8 million.

Certain of our mortgage loans and other indebtedness are variable rate and indexed to SOFR. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, a 10% increase in SOFR would have resulted in increased interest expense of $0.001 million. We have executed interest rate swaps and caps with an aggregate notional amount of $10.0 million as of September 30, 2024, to hedge the risk of increasing interest rates.

We have invested a portion of our portfolio in floating-rate investments in real estate debt and real estate-related and other securities and intend to invest in both fixed- and floating-rate real estate debt investments and securities in the future. On floating-rate investments in real estate debt and real estate-related and other securities, our net income will increase or decrease depending on interest rate movements. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, a 10% decrease in the Reference Rate would have resulted in decreased interest income from our floating-rate investments in real estate debt of $0.05 million and $0.1 million, respectively. Additionally, interest rate movement can impact the valuation of real estate debt and real estate-related and other securities depending on various aspects of the instrument, including the credit rating, duration and structure of the interest rate payments.

Credit risk

We are exposed to credit risk with respect to the tenants that occupy properties we own. To mitigate this risk, we undertake a credit evaluation of major tenants prior to making an investment. This analysis includes extensive due diligence of a potential tenant’s creditworthiness and business, as well as an assessment of the strategic importance of the property to the tenant’s core business operations.

Additionally, we are exposed to credit risk in the real estate-related debt investments that we make with respect to a borrower’s ability to make required interest and principal payments on scheduled due dates. We manage this risk by conducting a credit analysis prior to making an investment and by actively monitoring our portfolio and the underlying credit quality. In addition, we re-evaluate the credit risk inherent in our investments on a regular basis under fundamental considerations such as gross domestic product, unemployment, interest rates, retail sales, store closing/openings, corporate earnings, housing inventory, affordability and regional home price trends.

Finally, we may be exposed to counterparty credit risk under the terms of a derivative contract. If the fair value of a derivative contract is positive, the counterparty will owe us, which creates credit risk for us. If the fair value of a derivative contract is negative, we will owe the counterparty and, therefore, do not have credit risk. We will seek to minimize the credit risk in derivative instruments by entering into transactions with high-quality counterparties.

Real estate market value risk

Real estate property values are subject to volatility and may be adversely affected by a number of factors, including national, regional and local economic conditions (which may be adversely affected by industry slowdowns and other factors); local real estate conditions; changes or continued weakness in specific industry segments; construction quality, age and design; demographic factors; and retroactive changes to building or similar codes.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

An evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q was made under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”). Based upon this evaluation, our CEO and CFO have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (a) are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by SEC rules and forms and (b) include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our “internal control over financial reporting” (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

The Company is not currently involved in any material litigation.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the risk factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A, "Risk Factors" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 ("2023 Form 10-K") and Part I, Item 1A of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2024 (“2024 Q2 Form 10-Q”). The risks described in our 2023 Form 10-K and 2024 Q2 Form 10-Q are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, and operating results. There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in our 2023 Form 10-K and our 2024 Q2 Form 10-Q.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

Unregistered sales of equity securities

All sales of unregistered securities during the three months ended September 30, 2024 were previously disclosed.

Share repurchase plan

We adopted a share repurchase plan, whereby on a monthly basis, stockholders may request that we repurchase all or any portion of their shares. We may choose to repurchase all, some or none of the shares that have been requested to be repurchased at the end of any particular month, in our discretion, subject to any limitations in the share repurchase plan. The aggregate NAV of total repurchases of our shares is limited to no more than 2% of our aggregate NAV per month (measured using the aggregate NAV attributable to stockholders at the end of the immediately preceding month) and 5% of our aggregate NAV per calendar quarter (measured using the average aggregate NAV attributable to stockholders at the end of the immediately preceding three months). Shares are repurchased at a price equal to the transaction price on the applicable repurchase date, subject to any early repurchase deduction. Shares that have not been outstanding for at least one year are repurchased at 98% of the transaction price. If we determine to repurchase some but not all of the shares submitted for repurchase during any month, shares submitted for repurchase during such month will be repurchased on a pro rata basis based on the amount requested after we have repurchased all shares for which repurchase was requested due to death or disability and other limited exceptions. All unsatisfied repurchase requests must be resubmitted after the start of the next month or quarter, or upon the recommencement of the share repurchase plan, as applicable. Due to the illiquid nature of investments in real estate, we may not have sufficient liquid resources to fund repurchase requests and have established limitations on the amount of funds we may use for repurchase during any calendar month and quarter.

During the three months ended September 30, 2024, we repurchased shares of our common stock in the following amounts, which represented all of the share repurchase requests received for the same period.


Period	Total number of shares (or Units) repurchased		Repurchases as a percentage of NAV(1)			Total Number of Shares (or Units) Repurchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs		Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares (or Units) that May Yet be Repurchased Under the Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
July 2024		9,499		0.05	%		9,499		—
August 2024		17,294		0.09	%		17,294		—
September 2024		66,861		0.35	%		66,861		—

(1) Represents aggregate NAV of shares repurchased under our share repurchase plan over aggregate NAV of all shares outstanding, in each case, based on the NAV as of the last calendar day of the prior month.

Use of proceeds

On July 22, 2022, our Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-265588), covering our public offering of up to $5 billion of common stock, was declared effective under the Securities Act. The offering price for each class of our common stock is determined monthly and is made available on our website and in prospectus supplement filings.

As of September 30, 2024, we received gross proceeds of $82.4 million from the Offering. The following table presents information about the Offering and use of proceeds therefrom ($ in thousands):


	Class D Shares		Class I Shares		Class S Shares			Class T Shares		Total
Offering proceeds:
Shares sold(1)		937		6,972		56			—		7,965
Gross offering proceeds	$	9,695	$	72,066	$	621		$	—	$	82,382
Selling commissions and other dealer manager fees		—		—		(15	)		—		(15	)
Stockholder servicing fees(2)		—		—		(38	)		—		(38	)
Net offering proceeds	$	9,695	$	72,066	$	568		$	—	$	82,329

(1) Shares sold includes shares issued under our distribution reinvestment plan.

(2) Under GAAP, we accrue the lifetime cost of the stockholder servicing fee as an offering cost at the time we sell Class D, Class S, Class T and Class Y shares. As of September 30, 2024, we had accrued under GAAP $1.0 million of stockholder servicing fees. The stockholder servicing fee on Class D shares has been waived through September 30, 2024, and the NAV attributable to current stockholders of Class D shares will not be included in the computation of stockholder servicing fees charged on Class D shares in perpetuity.

As of September 30, 2024, we had primarily used the net proceeds from the unregistered sales along with the proceeds received from the Offering toward the acquisition of $372.2 million of real estate, investments in real estate debt of $79.2 million and investments of $0.5 million in real estate-related and other securities. In addition to the net proceeds from the Offering, we financed our investments with $21.3 million of financing from the Credit Facility, which was subsequently repaid in full, $123.6 million from mortgage notes, including an assumed loan of $28.2 million and $62.4 million from the Repurchase Facility. See Item 2—“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations— Liquidity and Capital Resources” for additional details on our borrowings.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

Renewal of the Advisory Agreement

On November 6, 2024, our board of directors approved the renewal of the Advisory Agreement effective as of November 13, 2024 for an additional one-year term expiring November 13, 2025. The terms of the Advisory Agreement otherwise remain unchanged.

Item 6. Exhibits.

Furnish the exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.601 of this chapter).


Exhibit Number		Description
3.1		Articles of Amendment and Restatement of J.P. Morgan Real Estate Income Trust, Inc., dated June 2, 2022 (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-265588) filed on June 14, 2022 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.2		Certificate of Correction of Articles of Amendment and Restatement of J.P. Morgan Real Estate Income Trust, Inc., dated June 2, 2022 (filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-265588) filed on June 14, 2022 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.3		Articles of Amendment, dated November 13, 2023 (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 16, 2023 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.4		Articles Supplementary, dated November 13, 2023 (filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 16, 2023 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.5		Second Articles of Amendment, dated November 13, 2023 (filed as Exhibit 3.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 16, 2023 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.6		Articles Supplementary, dated April 16, 2024 (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 22, 2024 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.7		Bylaws of J.P. Morgan Real Estate Income Trust, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 3.3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-265588) filed on June 14, 2022 and incorporated herein by reference).
4.1		Third Amended and Restated Distribution Reinvestment Plan (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 9, 2024 and incorporated herein by reference)
31.1*		Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*		Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1**		Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2**		Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS		Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema With Embedded Linkbase Documents
104		Cover page formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101

* Filed herewith.

** Furnished herewith.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


	J.P. Morgan Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.

Date: November 8, 2024	By:	/s/ Chad Tredway
		Chad Tredway
		Chairperson of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

Date: November 8, 2024	By:	/s/ Lawrence A. Goodfield, Jr.
		Lawrence A. Goodfield, Jr.
		Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Chad Tredway, certify that:

I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of J.P. Morgan Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)

Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.


Date: November 8, 2024	By:	/s/ Chad Tredway
		Chad Tredway
		Chairperson of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Lawrence A. Goodfield Jr., certify that:

I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of J.P. Morgan Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.;

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(a)

(b)

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.


Date: November 8, 2024	By:	/s/ Lawrence A. Goodfield, Jr.
		Lawrence A. Goodfield, Jr.
		Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of J.P. Morgan Real Estate Income Trust, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ending September 30, 2024 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)

The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.


Date: November 8, 2024	By:	/s/ Chad Tredway
		Chad Tredway
		Chairperson of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

(1)

The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.


Date: November 8, 2024	By:	/s/ Lawrence A. Goodfield, Jr.
		Lawrence A. Goodfield, Jr.
		Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer